101 lines
13 KiB
HTML
101 lines
13 KiB
HTML
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<div class="head">Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia</div>
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<div class="subhead">The Babylonish Captivity</div>
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<div class="main-left"><div class="pad30">
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<ol>
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<li><i>Causes that led to it</i>. The people were taken into captivity because of their departure from the laws of the Lord and their consequent idolatry (<a id="si-1Ki 14:21-24" onClick="return mV('1Ki',14,'21-24');">1Ki 14:21-24</a>; <a id="si-1Ki 15:1-3" onClick="return mV('1Ki',15,'1-3');">1Ki 15:1-3</a>; <a id="si-1Ki 16:1-20" onClick="return mV('1Ki',16,'1-20');">1Ki 16:1-20</a>; <a id="si-1Ki 21:1-24" onClick="return mV('1Ki',21,'1-24');">1Ki 21:1-24</a>; <a id="si-2Ki 23:31-37" onClick="return mV('2Ki',23,'31-37');">2Ki 23:31-37</a>; <a id="si-2Ch 36:1-21" onClick="return mV('2Ch',6,'1-21');">2Ch 36:1-21</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Conditions during the captivity</i>. The people of God were not oppressed during their sojourn in Babylon although they sat down by the rivers and wept, and hung their harps upon the willow trees, and declared that they could not sing the Lord's songs in a strange land (<a id="si-Psa 137:1-6" onClick="return mV('Psa',137,'1-6');">Psa 137:1-6</a>). It is probable that many of them followed the advice of the prophet Jeremiah and built houses in which to reside (<a id="si-Jer 29:3-7" onClick="return mV('Jer',29,'3-7');">Jer 29:3-7</a>). There were great possibilities before the ambitious Hebrews, and numbers of them arose to positions of distinction and usefulness in the empire (<a id="si-Dan 2:48" onClick="return mV('Dan',2,48);">Dan 2:48</a>; <a id="si-Neh 1:1-11" onClick="return mV('Neh',1,'1-11');">Neh 1:1-11</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Synagogues</i>. It is probable that the custom of erecting synagogues originated during the Babylonish captivity.</li>
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<br><li><i>Important fact—Ezekiel and Daniel the prophets</i>. The prophets Ezekiel and Daniel flourished during the Babylonish captivity.
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<br><br>Ezekiel's life and labors were characterized by,
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<ol type="a">
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<Br><li>he predicted the restoration of the children of Israel (<a id="si-Eze 11:17-20" onClick="return mV('Eze',11,'17-20');">Eze 11:17-20</a>; <a id="si-Eze 16:60-62" onClick="return mV('Eze',16,'60-62');">Eze 16:60-62</a>; <a id="si-Eze 34:12-16" onClick="return mV('Eze',34,'12-16');">Eze 34:12-16</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the captivity of the prince of Jerusalem and his subjects by the Babylonians, whose land he should not see though he should die there (<a id="si-Eze 12:8-20" onClick="return mV('Eze',12,'8-20');">Eze 12:8-20</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the downfall of the Ammonites (<a id="si-Eze 25:1-10" onClick="return mV('Eze',25,'1-10');">Eze 25:1-10</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the destruction of Moab, Edom and the Philistines (<a id="si-Eze 25:11-17" onClick="return mV('Eze',25,'11-17');">Eze 25:11-17</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the destruction of Tyrus (<a id="si-Eze 26:1-21" onClick="return mV('Eze',26,'1-21');">Eze 26:1-21</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the downfall of Pharaoh and Egypt (<a id="si-Eze 29:1-10" onClick="return mV('Eze',29,'1-10');">Eze 29:1-10</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the coming of the good Shepherd (<a id="si-Eze 34:23-24" onClick="return mV('Eze',4,23, 24);">Eze 34:23-24</a>);</li>
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<li>he predicted the downfall of Mount Seir (<a id="si-Eze 35:2-15" onClick="return mV('Eze',35,'2-15');">Eze 35:2-15</a>);</li>
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<li>the Lord's promise of a new heart (<a id="si-Eze 36:24-29" onClick="return mV('Eze',36,'24-29');">Eze 36:24-29</a>);</li>
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<li>his vision of the dry bones (<a id="si-Eze 37:1-14" onClick="return mV('Eze',37,'1-14');">Eze 37:1-14</a>);</li>
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<li>his vision of the temple, the court and the priests (<a id="si-Eze 40:1-49" onClick="return mV('Eze',40,'1-49');">Eze 40:1-49</a>; <a id="si-Eze 41:1-26" onClick="return mV('Eze',41,'1-26');">Eze 41:1-26</a>, <a id="si-Eze 42:1-20" onClick="return mV('Eze',42,'1-20');">Eze 42:1-20</a>, <a id="si-Eze 43:1-27" onClick="return mV('Eze',43,'1-27');">Eze 43:1-27</a>, <a id="si-Eze 44:1-31" onClick="return mV('Eze',44,'1-31');">Eze 44:1-31);</a></li>
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<li>his vision of the holy waters (<a id="si-Eze 47:1-12" onClick="return mV('Eze',47,'1-12');">Eze 47:1-12</a>).</li>
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</ol>
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<br>Daniel's life and labors were characterized by,
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<ol type="a">
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<br><li>the beginning of the captivity at the overthrow of Jehoiakim, king of Judah (<a id="si-Dan 1:1-6" onClick="return mV('Dan',1,'1-6');">Dan 1:1-6</a>);</li>
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<li>he was selected to receive an education in the Chaldean language (<a id="si-Dan 1:3-6" onClick="return mV('Dan',1,'3-6');">Dan 1:3-6</a>);</li>
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<li>he refused to defile himself with the king's meat (<a id="si-Dan 1:5-16" onClick="return mV('Dan',1,'5-16');">Dan 1:5-16</a>);</li>
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<li>God gave him knowledge, skill and wisdom (<a id="si-Dan 1:17-20" onClick="return mV('Dan',1,'17-20');">Dan 1:17-20</a>);</li>
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<li>he made known the dream of Nebuchadnezzar and interpreted it (<a id="si-Dan 2:48-49" onClick="return mV('Dan',2,48,49);">Dan 2:48-49</a>);</li>
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<li>the casting of Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego into the fire and their preservation (<a id="si-Dan 2:49" onClick="return mV('Dan',2,49);">Dan 2:49</a>, <a id="si-Dan 3:1-30" onClick="return mV('Dan',3,'1-30');">Dan 3:1-30</a>);</li>
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<li>he interpreted the dream of Nebuchadnezzar the king (<a id="si-Dan 4:1-37" onClick="return mV('Dan',4,'1-37');">Dan 4:1-37</a>);</li>
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<li>he interpreted the handwriting upon the wall (<a id="si-Dan 5:1-30" onClick="return mV('Dan',5,'1-30');">Dan 5:1-30</a>);</li>
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<li>he was advanced by Darius to a high and honorable position (<a id="si-Dan 6:1-4" onClick="return mV('Dan',6,'1-4');">Dan 6:1-4</a>);</li>
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<li>he was cast into a den of lions (<a id="si-Dan 6:4-23" onClick="return mV('Dan',6,'4-23');">Dan 6:4-23</a>);</li>
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<li>the destruction of his accusers (<a id="si-Dan 6:24" onClick="return mV('Dan',6,24);">Dan 6:24</a>);</li>
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<li>the king's decree in honor of Daniel's God (<a id="si-Dan 6:25-27" onClick="return mV('Dan',6,'25-27');">Dan 6:25-27</a>);</li>
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<li>his vision in the first year of Belshazzar's reign (<a id="si-Dan 7:1-28" onClick="return mV('Dan',7,'1-28');">Dan 7:1-28</a>);</li>
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<li>his vision in the third year of Belshazzar's reign (<a id="si-Dan 8:1-27" onClick="return mV('Dan',8,'1-27');">Dan 8:1-27</a>);</li>
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<li>his prayers for his people in the first year of Darius' reign (<a id="si-Dan 9:1-21" onClick="return mV('Dan',9,'1-21');">Dan 9:1-21</a>);</li>
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<li>the visit of Gabriel to him who informed him of the time of his coming of the Messiah, the Prince (<a id="si-Dan 9:21-27" onClick="return mV('Dan',9,'21-27');">Dan 9:21-27</a>);</li>
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<li>he described the three kings that were to rule Persia followed by a fourth richer and more powerful than they all (<a id="si-Dan 11:1-45" onClick="return mV('Dan',11,'1-45');">Dan 11:1-45</a>);</li>
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<li>he foretold the general resurrection (<a id="si-Dan 12:1-13" onClick="return mV('Dan',12,'1-13');">Dan 12:1-13</a>).</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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<br><li><i>Decree of Cyrus</i>. In the first year of the reign of Cyrus, king of Persia, in fulfillment of the prophecy of Jeremiah, he proclaimed throughout his dominions that the Lord had charged him to build Him a house at Jerusalem, and gave permission for the captives to return (<a id="si-2Ch 36:22-23" onClick="return mV('2Ch',36,22,23);">2Ch 36:22-23</a>; <a id="si-Ezr 1:1-4" onClick="return mV('Ezr',1,'1-4');">Ezr 1:1-4</a>). He also delivered to the captives the vessels that had been taken from the house of the Lord by Nebuchadnezzar (<a id="si-Ezr 1:5-11" onClick="return mV('Ezr',1,'5-11');">Ezr 1:5-11</a>). As a result of this decree, quite a large number of the captives returned to their native land (<a id="si-Ezr 2:1-70" onClick="return mV('Ezr',2,'1-70');">Ezr 2:1-70</a>; <a id="si-Neh 7:1-69" onClick="return mV('Neh',7,'1-69');">Neh 7:1-69</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Rebuilding the temple</i>. In the second year after the return, the foundation of the temple was laid amidst the weeping of the old men and the shouting of the young (<a id="si-Ezr 3:1-13" onClick="return mV('Ezr',3,'1-13');">Ezr 3:1-13</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Hindered by enemies</i>. As soon as the enemies of Judah heard that the work had been commenced, they came to Zerubbabel and other chief men and asked permission to join them in the work, but their proposition was not accepted, and, as a result, they did everything they could to hinder the work, and finally the work was suspended (<a id="si-Ezr 4:1-24" onClick="return mV('Ezr',4,'1-24');">Ezr 4:1-24</a>). In the second year of Darius, king of Persia, two new prophets arose to encourage the people (<a id="si-Ezr 5:1-17" onClick="return mV('Ezr',5,'1-17');">Ezr 5:1-17</a>). Finally, under the favor of Darius, the building was completed, and the people re-inaugurated the service of God with great demonstrations of reverence and joy (<a id="si-Ezr 6:1-22" onClick="return mV('Ezr',6,'1-22');">Ezr 6:1-22</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Ezra, the scribe</i>. After these events, Ezra the scribe came into Jerusalem from Babylon (<a id="si-Ezr 7:1-8" onClick="return mV('Ezr',7,'1-8');">Ezr 7:1-8</a>). He was accompanied by many of the brethren (<a id="si-Ezr 8:1-36" onClick="return mV('Ezr',8,'1-36');">Ezr 8:1-36</a>). Ezra was a true reformer, and he consecrated his powers to the improvement and elevation of his people (<a id="si-Ezr 9:1-15" onClick="return mV('Ezr',9,'1-15');">Ezr 9:1-15</a>; <a id="si-Ezr 10:1-17" onClick="return mV('Ezr',10,'1-17');">Ezr 10:1-17</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Nehemiah</i>. Nehemiah heard from some of his brethren of the condition of the city of Jerusalem. As soon as he heard this, he wept, mourned, fasted and prayed to the God of heaven (<a id="si-Neh 1:1-11" onClick="return mV('Neh',1,'1-11');">Neh 1:1-11</a>). He was at this time the cupbearer to Artaxerxes, king of Persia, and the king beheld his sad expression and inquired the cause. He immediately communicated his desire to the king, who gave him permission to return to the land of his nativity (<a id="si-Neh 2:1-18" onClick="return mV('Neh',2,'1-18');">Neh 2:1-18</a>). Upon his arrival at Jerusalem, he inspected the ruins by night, after which he proposed to the rulers that they unite in rebuilding the wall (<a id="si-Neh 2:11-20" onClick="return mV('Neh',2,'11-20');">Neh 2:11-20</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Rebuilding the wall</i>. Nehemiah's zeal was contagious. The work was inaugurated and carried on to completion in the face of most vehement opposition (<a id="si-Neh 3:1-32" onClick="return mV('Neh',3,'1-32');">Neh 3:1-32</a>, <a id="si-4:1-23" onClick="return mV('Neh',4,'1-23');">4:1-23</a>). After the completion of the wall, Nehemiah, like his distinguished contemporary Ezra, gave his influence to the reformation of the people (<a id="si-Neh 5:1-19" onClick="return mV('Neh',5,'1-19');">Neh 5:1-19</a>, <a id="si-Neh 6:1-16" onClick="return mV('Neh',6,'1-16');">Neh 6:1-16</a>; <a id="si-Neh 8:1-6" onClick="return mV('Neh',8,'1-6');">Neh 8:1-6</a>; <a id="si-Neh 13:1-31" onClick="return mV('Neh',13,'1-31');">Neh 13:1-31</a>).</li>
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<br><li><i>Important fact—Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi the prophets</i>. Haggai and Zechariah, the prophets, flourished after the return from Babylon, and Malachi, probably a little later.
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<ol type="a">
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<br><li>The chief design of Haggai seems to have been to stir up the people to the completion of the temple (<a id="si-Ezr 5:1" onClick="return mV('Ezr',5,1);">Ezr 5:1</a>; <a id="si-Hag 1:1-15" onClick="return mV('Hag',1,'1-15');">Hag 1:1-15</a>, <a id="si-Hag 2:1-23" onClick="return mV('Hag',2,'1-23');">Hag 2:1-23</a>).</li>
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<br><li>Zechariah was associated with Haggai on the work of reformation (<a id="si-Ezr 5:1" onClick="return mV('Ezr',5,1);">Ezr 5:1</a>). He predicted
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<ol type="i">
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<li>the betrayal of Lord (<a id="si-Zec 11:10-14" onClick="return mV('Zec',11,'10-14');">Zec 11:10-14</a>; <a id="si-Mat 27:3-10" onClick="return mV('Mat',27,'3-10');">Mat 27:3-10</a>),</li>
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<li>and the proclamation of the gospel from Jerusalem (<a id="si-Zec 14:1-9" onClick="return mV('Zec',14,'1-9');">Zec 14:1-9</a>).</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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<br><li>Malachi was a true reformer. He predicted
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<ol type="i">
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<li>the bringing in of the Gentiles (<a id="si-Mal 1:11" onClick="return mV('Mal',1,11);">Mal 1:11</a>),</li>
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<li>the coming of the forerunner of Christ (<a id="si-Mal 3:1" onClick="return mV('Mal',3,1);">Mal 3:1</a>; <a id="si-Mal 4:5" onClick="return mV('Mal',4,5);">Mal 4:5</a>);</li>
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<li>and the coming of Christ Himself (<a id="si-Mal 3:1-4" onClick="return mV('Mal',3,'1-4');">Mal 3:1-4</a>).</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</div></div>
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<div class="return"><a href="./study/cbc/index.html#toc">Return to Table of Contents</a></div>
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<div class="cite2">
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<p class="bibliobox"><b>Bibliographic Information:</b>
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<br>Author: Johnson, Ashley S.
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<br>Title: "The Babylonish Captivity"
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<br>Work: <i>Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia</i>
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<br>Date Added: 1 Jul 2002</p>
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