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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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Title = 'The Book of Psalms';
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<p id="Chapter106" align="center">Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET<br>PSALM 106
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<p id="Ps106_1"><a onclick="return mV('Psa',106,'1-48');">Psa 106:1-48</a>.
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<p>This Psalm gives a detailed confession of the sins of Israel in all periods of their history, with special reference to the terms of the covenant as intimated (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',105,45);">Psa 105:45</a>). It is introduced by praise to God for the wonders of His mercy, and concluded by a supplication for His favor to His afflicted people, and a doxology.
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<p><b>1. Praise,</b> etc.—(See on JFB for <a href="./Comm/jfb/Psa/Psa104.html#Ps104_35">Psa 104:35</a>), begins and ends the Psalm, intimating the obligations of praise, however we sin and suffer <a href= "#" onclick="return mV('1Ch',16,'34-36');">1Ch 16:34-36</a> is the source from which the beginning and end of this Psalm are derived.
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<p id="Ps106_2"><b>2.</b> His acts exceed our comprehension, as His praise our powers of expression (<a onclick="return mV('Rom',11,33);">Rom 11:33</a>). Their unutterable greatness is not to keep us back, but to urge us the more to try to praise Him as best we can (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',40,5);">Psa 40:5</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',74,15);">71:15</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_3"><b>3.</b> The blessing is limited to those whose principles and acts are right. How "blessed" Israel would be now, if he had "observed God's statutes" (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',105,45);">Psa 105:45</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_4"><b>4, 5.</b> In view of the desert of sins to be confessed, the writer invokes God's covenant mercy to himself and the Church, in whose welfare he rejoices. The speaker, <i>me, I,</i> is not the Psalmist himself, but the people, the present generation (compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',106,6);">Psa 106:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>visit</b>—(Compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',8,4);">Psa 8:4</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_5"><b>5. see the good</b>—participate in it (<a href= "#" onclick="return mV('Psa',37,13);">Psa 37:13</a>).
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<br><br><b>thy chosen</b>—namely, Israel, God's elect (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',43,20);">Isa 43:20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',45,20);">45:4</a>). As God seems to have <i>forgotten</i> them, they pray that He would "remember" them with the favor which <i>belongs</i> to His own people, and which once they had enjoyed.
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<br><br><b>thine inheritance</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',9,29);">Deu 9:29</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',32,9);">32:9</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_6"><b>6.</b> Compare <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',8,47);">1Ki 8:47</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',9,5);">Dan 9:5</a>, where the same three verbs occur in the same order and connection, the original of the two later passages being the first one, the prayer of Solomon in dedicating the temple.
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<br><br><b>sinned...fathers</b>—like them, and so partaking of their guilt. The terms denote a rising gradation of sinning (compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',1,1);">Psa 1:1</a>).
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<br><br><b>with our fathers</b>—we and they together forming one mass of corruption.
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<p id="Ps106_7"><b>7-12.</b> Special confession. Their rebellion at the sea (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',14,11);">Exd 14:11</a>) was because they had not remembered nor understood God's miracles on their behalf. That God saved them in their unbelief was of His mere mercy, and for His own glory.
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<br><br><b>the sea...the Red Sea</b>—the very words in which Moses' song celebrated the scene of Israel's deliverance (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',15,4);">Exd 15:4</a>). Israel began to rebel against God at the very moment and scene of its deliverance by God!
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<p id="Ps106_8"><b>8. for his name's sake</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',20,14);">Eze 20:14</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_9"><b>9. rebuked</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',104,7);">Psa 104:7</a>).
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<br><br><b>as through the wilderness</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',63,'11-14');">Isa 63:11-14</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_12"><b>12. believed...his words</b>—This is said not to praise the Israelites, but God, who constrained even so unbelieving a people momentarily to "believe" while in immediate view of His wonders, a faith which they immediately afterwards lost (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',106,13);">Psa 106:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Exd',14,31);">Exd 14:31</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Exd',15,1);">15:1</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_13"><b>13-15.</b> The faith induced by God's display of power in their behalf was short lived, and their new rebellion and temptation was visited by God with fresh punishment, inflicted by leaving them to the result of their own gratified appetites, and sending on them spiritual poverty (<a onclick="return mV('Num',11,18);">Num 11:18</a>).
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<br><br><b>They soon forgat</b>—literally, "They hasted, they forgat" (compare <a onclick="return mV('Exd',32,8);">Exd 32:8</a>). "They have turned aside <i>quickly</i> (or, <i>hastily</i>) out of the way." The haste of our desires is such that we can scarcely allow God one day. Unless He immediately answers our call, instantly then arise impatience, and at length despair.
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<br><br><b>his works</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',11,3,4);">Deu 11:3-4</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',9,14);">Dan 9:14</a>).
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<br><br><b>his counsel</b>—They waited not for the development of God's counsel, or <i>plan for their deliverance,</i> at His own time, and in His own way.
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<p id="Ps106_14"><b>14.</b> Literally, "lusted a lust" (quoted from <a onclick="return mV('Num',11,4);">Num 11:4</a>, <i>Margin</i>). Previously, there had been impatience as to <i>necessaries</i> of life; here it is <i>lusting</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',78,18);">Psa 78:18</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_15"><b>15. but sent leanness</b>—rather, "<i>and</i> sent," that is, <i>and thus, even in doing so,</i> the punishment was inflicted at the very time their request was granted. So <a onclick="return mV('Psa',78,30);">Psa 78:30</a>, "While their meat was yet in their mouths, the wrath of God came upon them."
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<br><br><b>soul</b>—the animal soul, which craves for food (<a onclick="return mV('Num',11,6);">Num 11:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',107,18);">Psa 107:18</a>). This soul got its wish, and with it and in it its own punishment. The place was therefore called <i>Kibroth-hattaavah</i> ("the graves of lust," <a onclick="return mV('Num',11,34);">Num 11:34</a>) because there they buried the people who had lusted. Animal desires when gratified mostly give only a hungry craving for more (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',2,13);">Jer 2:13</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_16"><b>16-18.</b> All the congregation took part with Dathan, Korah, etc., and their accomplices (<a onclick="return mV('Num',16,41);">Num 16:41</a>).
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<br><br><b>Aaron the saint</b>—literally, "the holy one," as consecrated priest; not a moral attribute, but one designating his office as <i>holy</i> to the Lord. The rebellion was followed by a double punishment: (1) of the <i>non-Levitical</i> rebels, the Reubenites, Dathan and Abiram, etc. (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',11,6);">Deu 11:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Num',26,10);">Num 26:10</a>); these were swallowed up by the earth.
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<p id="Ps106_17"><b>17. covered</b>—"closed upon them" (<a onclick="return mV('Num',16,33);">Num 16:33</a>). (2) Of the <i>Levitical</i> rebels, with Korah at their head (<a onclick="return mV('Num',16,35);">Num 16:35</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Num',26,10);">26:10</a>); these had <i>sinned</i> by fire, and were punished by fire, as Aaron's (being high priest) sons had been (<a onclick="return mV('Lev',10,2);">Lev 10:2</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Num',16,'1-35');">Num 16:1-35</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_19"><b>19-23.</b> From indirect setting God at naught, they pass to direct.
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<br><br><b>made</b>—though prohibited in <a onclick="return mV('Exd',20,4,5);">Exd 20:4-5</a> to <i>make a likeness,</i> even of the true God.
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<br><br><b>calf</b>—called so in contempt. They would have made an ox or bull, but their idol turned out but a <i>calf;</i> an imitation of the divine symbols, the cherubim; or of the sacred bull of Egyptian idolatry. The idolatry was more sinful in view of their recent experience of God's power in Egypt and His wonders at Sinai (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',32,'1-6');">Exd 32:1-6</a>). Though intending to worship Jehovah under the symbol of the calf, yet as this was incompatible with His nature (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',4,'15-17');">Deu 4:15-17</a>), they in reality gave up Him, and so were given up by Him. Instead of the Lord of heaven, they had as their glory the image of an ox that does nothing but eat grass.
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<p id="Ps106_23"><b>23. he said</b>—namely, to Moses (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',9,13);">Deu 9:13</a>). With God, <i>saying</i> is as certain as <i>doing;</i> but His purpose, while full of wrath against sin, takes into account the mediation of Him of whom Moses was the type (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',32,'11-14');">Exd 32:11-14</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',9,18,19);">Deu 9:18-19</a>).
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<br><br><b>Moses his chosen</b>—that is, to be His servant (compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',105,26);">Psa 105:26</a>).
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<br><br><b>in the breach</b>—as a warrior covers with his body the broken part of a wall or fortress besieged, a perilous place (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',13,5);">Eze 13:5</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',22,30);">22:30</a>).
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<br><br><b>to turn away</b>—or, "prevent"
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<br><br><b>his wrath</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Num',25,11);">Num 25:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',78,38);">Psa 78:38</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_24"><b>24-27.</b> The sin of refusing to invade Canaan, "the pleasant land" (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',3,19);">Jer 3:19</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',20,6);">Eze 20:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',8,9);">Dan 8:9</a>), "the land of beauty," was punished by the destruction of that generation (<a onclick="return mV('Num',14,28);">Num 14:28</a>), and the threat of dispersion (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',4,25);">Deu 4:25</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',28,32);">28:32</a>) afterwards made to their posterity, and fulfilled in the great calamities now bewailed, may have also been then added.
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<br><br><b>despised</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Num',14,31);">Num 14:31</a>).
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<br><br><b>believed not his word</b>—by which He promised He would give them the land; but rather the word of the faithless spies (compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',78,22);">Psa 78:22</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_26"><b>26. lifted up his hand</b>—or, "swore," the usual form of swearing (compare <a onclick="return mV('Num',14,30);">Num 14:30</a>, <i>Margin</i>).
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<p id="Ps106_27"><b>27. To overthrow</b>—literally, "To make them fall"; alluding to the words (<a onclick="return mV('Num',14,39);">Num 14:39</a>).
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<br><br><b>among...nations...lands</b>—The "wilderness" was not more destructive to the <i>fathers</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',106,26);">Psa 106:26</a>) than residence among the heathen ("nations") shall be to the children. <a onclick="return mV('Lev',26,33,38);">Lev 26:33, 38</a> is here, before the Psalmist's mind, the determination against the "seed" when rebellious, being not <i>expressed</i> in <a onclick="return mV('Num',14,'31-33');">Num 14:31-33</a>, but <i>implied</i> in the determination against the fathers.
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<p id="Ps106_28"><b>28-30. sacrifices of the dead</b>—that is of lifeless idols, contrasted with "the living God" (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',10,'3-10');">Jer 10:3-10</a>; compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',115,'4-7');">Psa 115:4-7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Cr',12,2);">1Cr 12:2</a>). On the words,
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<br><br><b>joined themselves to Baal-peor</b>—see <a href= "#" onclick="return mV('Num',25,2,3,5);">Num 25:2-3, 5</a>.
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<br><br><b>Baal-peor</b>—that is the possessor of Peor, the mountain on which <i>Chemosh,</i> the idol of Moab, was worshipped, and at the foot of which Israel at the time lay encamped (<a onclick="return mV('Num',23,28);">Num 23:28</a>). The name never occurs except in connection with that locality and that circumstance.
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<p id="Ps106_29"><b>29. provoked</b>—excited grief and indignation (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',6,7);">Psa 6:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',78,58);">78:58</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_30"><b>30. stood</b>—as Aaron "stood between the living and the dead, and the plague was stayed" (<a onclick="return mV('Num',16,48);">Num 16:48</a>).
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<br><br><b>executed judgment</b>—literally, "judged," including sentence and act.
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<p id="Ps106_31"><b>31. counted...righteousness</b>—"a just and rewardable action."
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<br><br><b>for</b>—or, "unto," to the procuring of righteousness, as in <a onclick="return mV('Rom',4,2);">Rom 4:2</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',10,4);">10:4</a>. Here it was a particular act, not faith, nor its object Christ; and <i>what was procured</i> was not justifying righteousness, or what was to be rewarded with eternal life; for no one act of man's can be taken for complete obedience. But it was that which God approved and rewarded with a perpetual priesthood to him and his descendants (<a onclick="return mV('Num',25,13);">Num 25:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Ch',6,4);">1Ch 6:4</a>, etc.).
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<p id="Ps106_32"><b>32, 33.</b> (Compare <a onclick="return mV('Num',20,'3-12');">Num 20:3-12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',1,37);">Deu 1:37</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',3,26);">3:26</a>).
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<br><br><b>went ill with</b>—literally, "was bad for"
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<br><br><b>Moses</b>—His conduct, though under great provocation, was punished by exclusion from Canaan.
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<p id="Ps106_34"><b>34-39.</b> They not only failed to expel the heathen, as God
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<br><br><b>commanded</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',23,32,33);">Exd 23:32-33</a>), literally, "said (they should)," but conformed to their idolatries (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',106,36);">Psa 106:36</a>) and thus became spiritual adulterers (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',73,27);">Psa 73:27</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_37"><b>37. unto devils</b>—<i>Septuagint,</i> "demons" (compare <a onclick="return mV('1Cr',10,20);">1Cr 10:20</a>), or "evil spirits."
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<p id="Ps106_38"><b>38. polluted with blood</b>—literally, "blood," or "murder" (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',5,6);">Psa 5:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',26,9);">26:9</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_40"><b>40-43.</b> Those nations first seduced and then oppressed them (compare <a onclick="return mV('Jdg',1,34);">Jdg 1:34</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jdg',2,14);">2:14</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jdg',3,30);">3:30</a>). Their apostasies ungratefully repaid God's many mercies till He finally abandoned them to punishment (<a onclick="return mV('Lev',26,39);">Lev 26:39</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_44"><b>44-46.</b> If, as is probable, this Psalm was written at the time of the captivity, the writer now intimates the tokens of God's returning favor.
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<p id="Ps106_45"><b>45. repented</b>—(compare <a onclick="return mV('Psa',90,13);">Psa 90:13</a>).
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<p id="Ps106_46"><b>46. made...pitied</b>— (<a href= "#" onclick="return mV('1Ki',8,50);">1Ki 8:50</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',1,9);">Dan 1:9</a>). These tokens encourage the prayer and the promise of praise (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',30,4);">Psa 30:4</a>), which is well closed by a doxology.
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