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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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<h2><a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'all');">Exd 30</a> - More Tabernacle Related Subjects</h2>
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<p>A. The altar of incense.</p>
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<p class="c1">1. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'1-5');">1-5</a>) How to make the altar of incense.</p>
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<p class="c2">"You shall make an altar to burn incense on; you shall make it of acacia wood. A cubit <i>shall be </i>its length and a cubit its width; it shall be square; and two cubits <i>shall be </i>its height. Its horns <i>shall be </i>of one piece with it. And you shall overlay its top, its sides all around, and its horns with pure gold; and you shall make for it a molding of gold all around. Two gold rings you shall make for it, under the molding on both its sides. You shall place <i>them </i>on its two sides, and they will be holders for the poles with which to bear it. You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Make an altar to burn incense on</span></b>: The altar of incense was made of acacia wood overlaid with gold. It was 18 inches (0.5 meter) square and 3 feet (1 meter) high.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Two gold rings you shall make for it...they will be holders for the poles with which to bear it</span></b>: The altar of incense was also carried by the system of rings and poles, just like the Ark of the Covenant, the table of showbread, and the brazen altar with its grate.</p>
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<p class="c1">2. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'6-10');">6-10</a>) <span>The</span> use of the altar of incense.</p>
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<p class="c2">"And you shall put it before the veil that <i>is </i>before the ark of the Testimony, before the mercy seat that <i>is </i>over the Testimony, where I will meet with you. Aaron shall burn on it sweet incense every morning; when he tends the lamps, he shall burn incense on it. And when Aaron lights the lamps at twilight, he shall burn incense on it, <span>a perpetual</span> incense before the <span class="c6">Lord</span> throughout your generations. You shall not offer strange incense on it, or a burnt offering, or a grain offering; nor shall you pour a drink offering on it. And Aaron shall make atonement upon its horns once a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonement; once a year he shall make atonement upon it throughout your generations. It <i>is </i>most holy to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>."</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">You shall put it before the veil that is before the ark of the Testimony</span></b>: The altar of incense stood outside the veil, in the holy place (not in the most holy place). Therefore it was fairly close to the Ark of the Covenant, yet separated by the veil.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Where I will meet with you</span></b>: Sprinkled throughout this description of the tabernacle and the furnishings are reminders of the purpose of the tabernacle. It is a place for man to meet with God.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Aaron shall burn on it sweet incense every morning</span></b>: Aaron (and other priests after him) <span>were</span> instructed to burn incense on this altar every day as part of their normal priestly duties, both in the morning and in the evening (<b><span class="c3">when Aaron lights the lamps at twilight, he shall burn incense on it</span></b>). </p>
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<p class="c5">i. Incense is a picture of prayer, in the sweetness of its smell and the way it ascends to heaven (<i>golden bowls of incense, which are the prayers of the saints</i>, according to <a onclick="return mV('Rev',5,8);">Rev 5:8</a>). The ministry at the altar of incense speaks of how God's people should continually come to Him in prayer.</p>
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<p class="c5">ii. <a onclick="return mV('Rev',8,'3-4');">Rev 8:3-4</a> describes the golden altar of incense standing before Gods' throne: <i>Then another angel, having a golden censer, came and stood at the altar. He was given much <span>incense, that</span> he should offer it with the prayers of all the saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne. And the smoke of the incense, with the prayers of the saints, ascended before God from the angel's hand.</i></p>
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<p class="c4">c. <b><span class="c3">You shall not offer strange incense on it</span></b>: Priests were not permitted to offer God whatever you wanted on the altar of incense. <b><span class="c3">Strange incense</span></b> was prohibited. Also, it was not a place of sacrifice in the sense that no animal or grain or drink offering was ever to be placed on it.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. Prayer is not the place sacrificial atonement is made; it is the place sacrificial atonement is enjoyed. We don't <i>save</i> ourselves through prayer; we pray because of Jesus' saving work on the cross.</p>
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<p class="c4">d. <b><span class="c3">Aaron shall make atonement upon its horns once a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonement</span></b>: The altar of incense was not a place of sacrifice, but it was a place for atoning blood. On the Day of Atonement, Aaron had to anoint the horns of the altar of incense with blood from the atoning sacrifice.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. Prayer does not atone for our sins, but must always be made in reference to Jesus' atoning blood. The Day of Atonement was only once a year, but every day when the priests brought a morning and evening offering of incense they saw the blood stained horns of the altar. This was a constant reminder of the work of atoning blood.</p>
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<p>B. The ransom money for a census.</p>
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<p class="c1">1. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'11-12');">11-12</a>) <span>The</span> reason for the ransom money.</p>
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<p class="c2">Then the <span class="c6">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying: "When you take the census of the children of Israel for their number, then every man shall give a ransom for himself to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>, when you number them, that there may be no plague among them when <i>you </i>number them.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">When you take the census of the children of Israel for their number</span></b>: Later in the book of Numbers, two significant censuses are recorded of the nation of Israel. Here God made provision to make a census without being plagued.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">That there may be no plague among them when you number them</span></b>: A census put Israel at risk of <b><span class="c3">plague</span></b> because a census (a numbering) signified ownership. This spoke against God's ownership of Israel, because in their thinking, a man only had the right to count or number what belonged to him. Israel didn't belong to Israel; Israel belonged to God. It was up to Him to command a counting.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. If a count was made with receiving the ransom money, a census communicated the idea that a king or a human leader "owned" Israel, when God alone did. This was David's problem in <a onclick="return mV('2Sa',24,'1-25');">2Sa 24:1-25</a>, when David took a census without the ransom money and God plagued Israel.</p>
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<p class="c1">2. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'13-16');">13-16</a>) How to take a census with ransom money.</p>
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<p class="c2">"This is what everyone among those who are numbered shall give: half a shekel according to the shekel of the sanctuary (a shekel <i>is </i>twenty <span>gerahs</span>). The half-shekel <i>shall be </i>an offering to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>. Everyone included among those who are numbered, from twenty years old and above, shall give an offering to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>. The rich shall not give more and the poor shall not give less than half a shekel, when <i>you </i>give an offering to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>, to make atonement for yourselves. And you shall take the atonement money of the children of Israel, and shall appoint it for the service of the tabernacle of meeting, that it may be a memorial for the children of Israel before the <span class="c6">Lord</span>, to make atonement for <span>yourselves</span>."</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Everyone included among those who are numbered, from twenty years old and above, shall give an offering to the <span class="c6">Lord</span></span></b>: The census was to include everyone aged twenty and over. This seems to be the Israelite age of full adulthood in this sense. Everyone also had to give an equal amount - one-half shekel.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. This was a true "flat tax" - everybody paid the same amount, rich or poor. In this sense, it is not a pattern for our giving under the New Covenant. New Covenant giving should be proportional, under the principle that we should give in proportion to our blessing. (<a onclick="return mV('1Cr',16,2);">1Cr 16:2</a>)</p>
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<p class="c5">ii. Instead of a pattern of our own giving, this money is a picture of the cost of our own redemption. "The <i>rich</i> were not to give <i>more</i>, the <i>poor</i> not to give less; to signify that all souls were equally precious in the sight of God, and that no difference of <i>outward</i> circumstances could affect the state of the soul; all had sinned, and all must be redeemed by the same price." (Clarke)</p>
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<p class="c5">iii. As well, <i>everyone</i> had to pay their own redemption money. No "lump sum" for every member of the tribe or family could pay it.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Appoint it for the service of the tabernacle of meeting</span></b>: This money was given to the service of the tabernacle. There was a great deal of silver needed in the construction of the tabernacle, and this is how it was obtained.</p>
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<p>C. Other needs for the tabernacle.</p>
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<p class="c1">1. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'17-21');">17-21</a>) <span>The</span> bronze laver.</p>
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<p class="c2">Then the <span class="c6">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying: "You shall also make a laver of bronze, with its base also of bronze, for washing. You shall put it between the tabernacle of meeting and the altar. And you shall put water in it, for Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in water from it. When they go into the tabernacle of meeting, or when they come near the altar to minister, to burn an offering made by fire to the <span class="c6">Lord</span>, they shall wash with water, lest they die. So they shall wash their hands and their feet, lest they die. And it shall be a statute forever to them; to him and his descendants throughout their generations."</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Make a laver of bronze</span></b>: The bronze laver had no specific dimensions. It was essentially a pool for ceremonial washings, set between the brazen altar and the tent of meeting.</p>
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<p class="c4"><span>b</span>. <b><span class="c3">Of bronze, with its base also of bronze</span></b>: When it was made, the metal for the bronze laver came from the mirrors of the women of Israel (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',38,8);">Exd 38:8</a>). It was a wonderful thing for people to give up the measure of their own appearance for God's cleansing.</p>
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<p class="c4">c. <b><span class="c3">So they shall wash their hands and their feet, lest they die</span></b>: The bronze laver speaks of the washing that is necessary for anyone who would come to God.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. <i>Who may ascend into the hill of the <span class="c6">Lord</span>? Or who may stand in His holy place? <span>He who has clean hands and pure heart.</span></i> (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',24,'3-4');">Psa 24:3-4</a>)</p>
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<p class="c5">ii. When Jesus washed the disciple's feet, He told them: <i>He who is bathed needs only to wash his feet, but is completely clean</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Jhn',13,10);">Jhn 13:10</a>). When we come to Jesus we are initially cleansed (<a onclick="return mV('1Cr',6,11);">1Cr 6:11</a>), but must also be continually washed from the dust and dirt of the world by having our feet washed by Jesus.</p>
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<p class="c5">iii. An important way this washing takes place is through God's Word: <i>the washing of water by the word.</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Eph',5,26);">Eph 5:26</a>)</p>
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<p class="c1">2. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'22-33');">22-33</a>) <span>The</span> holy anointing oil.</p>
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<p class="c2">Moreover the <span class="c6">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying: "Also take for yourself quality spices; five hundred <i>shekels </i>of liquid myrrh, half as much sweet-smelling cinnamon (two hundred and fifty <i>shekels), </i>two hundred and fifty <i>shekels </i>of sweet-smelling cane, <span>five hundred <i>shekels </i>of cassia, according to the shekel of the sanctuary, and a <span>hin</span> of olive oil. And you shall make from these <span>a holy</span> anointing oil, an ointment compounded according to the art of the perfumer. It shall be <span>a holy</span> anointing oil. With it you shall anoint the tabernacle of meeting and the ark of the Testimony; the table and all its utensils, the <span>lampstand</span> and its utensils, and the altar of incense; the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the laver and its base. You shall consecrate them, that they may be most holy; whatever touches them must be holy. And you shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that <i>they </i>may minister to <span>Me</span> as priests. And you shall speak to the children of Israel, saying: 'This shall be <span>a holy</span> anointing oil to Me throughout your generations. It shall not be poured on man's flesh; nor shall you make <i>any other </i>like it, according to its composition. It <i>is </i>holy, <i>and </i>it shall be holy to you. Whoever compounds <i>any </i>like it, or whoever puts <i>any </i>of it on an outsider, shall be cut off from his <span>people.</span>' "</span></p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Make from these <span>a holy</span> anointing oil, an ointment compounded according to the art of the perfumer</span></b>: This oil was used for anointing the priests and the articles pertaining to service. It was regarded as a sacred compound that could not be imitated nor used as normal perfuming oil.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">It shall not be poured on man's flesh</span></b>: Since oil is emblematic of the Holy Spirit, we see that the Holy Spirit is not poured out to enhance our flesh, but to glorify Himself.</p>
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<p class="c4">c. <b><span class="c3">Nor shall you make any other like it...it is holy, and it shall be holy to you</span></b>: This shows that the work of the Holy Spirit is never to be imitated. There is to be no place for encouraging a fleshly imitation of the gifts or operations of the Holy Spirit. To do this denies the holiness of the Holy Spirit, regarding His work as something we can do just as well on our own.</p>
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<p class="c1">3. (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',30,'34-38');">34-38</a>) <span>The</span> holy incense.</p>
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<p class="c2">And the <span class="c6">Lord</span> said to Moses: "Take sweet spices, <span>stacte</span> and <span>onycha</span> and galbanum, and pure frankincense with <i>these </i>sweet spices; there shall be equal amounts of each. You shall make of these <span>an incense</span>, a compound according to the art of the perfumer, salted, pure, <i>and </i>holy. And you shall beat <i>some </i>of it very fine, and put some of it before the Testimony in the tabernacle of meeting where I will meet with you. It shall be most holy to you. But <i>as for </i>the incense which you shall make, you shall not make any for yourselves, according to its composition. It shall be to you holy for the <span class="c6">Lord</span>. Whoever makes <i>any </i>like it, to smell it, he shall be cut off from his people."</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Make of these <span>an incense</span>, a compound according to the art of the perfumer, salted, pure, and holy</span></b>: The special incense for the tabernacle was made according to the same principles as the anointing oil. God didn't want this sacred smell - symbolizing the sweetness of prayer - to be used for human attraction or adornment.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Whoever makes any like it, to smell it, he shall be cut off from his people</span></b>: God was so concerned to protect the unique character of the tabernacle incense that He commanded excommunication for anyone who would make these holy things common.</p>
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