55 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
55 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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PriorBook = 'Isaiah';
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PriorChapter = 'Jeremiah 20';
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Title = 'The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah';
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SubTitle1 = 'Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET';
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SubTitle3 = 'CHAPTER 21';
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<p id="Chapter21" align="center">Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET<br>CHAPTER 21
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<p id="Jer21_1"><a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,'1-14');">Jer 21:1-14</a>. ZEDEKIAH CONSULTS JEREMIAH WHAT IS TO BE THE EVENT OF THE WAR: GOD'S ANSWER.
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<p>Written probably when, after having repulsed the Egyptians who brought succors to the Jews (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',37,'5-8');">Jer 37:5-8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',24,7);">2Ki 24:7</a>), the Chaldees were a second time advancing against Jerusalem, but were not yet closely besieging it (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,4,13);">Jer 21:4, 13</a>) [ROSENMULLER]. This chapter probably ought to be placed between the thirty-seventh and thirty-eight chapters; since what the "princes," in <a onclick="return mV('Jer',38,2);">Jer 38:2</a>, represent Jeremiah as having said, is exactly what we find in <a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,9);">Jer 21:9</a>. Moreover, the same persons as here (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,1);">Jer 21:1</a>) are mentioned in <a onclick="return mV('Jer',37,3);">Jer 37:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',38,1);">38:1</a>, namely, Pashur and Zephaniah. What is here more fully related is there simply referred to in the historical narrative. Compare <a onclick="return mV('Jer',52,24);">Jer 52:24</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,18);">2Ki 25:18</a> [MAURER].
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<p><b>1. Zedekiah</b>—a prince having some reverence for sacred things, for which reason he sends an honorable embassy to Jeremiah; but not having moral courage to obey his better impulses.
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<br><br><b>Pashur</b>—son of Melchiah, of the fifth order of priests, distinct from Pashur, son of Immer (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',20,1);">Jer 20:1</a>), of the sixteenth order (<a onclick="return mV('1Ch',24,9);">1Ch 24:9, 14</a>).
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<br><br><b>Zephaniah</b>—of the twenty-fourth order. They are designated, not by their father, but by their family (<a onclick="return mV('1Ch',24,18);">1Ch 24:18</a>).
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<p id="Jer21_2"><b>2. Nebuchadrezzar</b>—the more usual way of spelling the name in Jeremiah than Nebuchadnezzar. From <i>Persiac</i> roots, meaning either "Nebo, the chief of the gods," or, "Nebo, the god of fire." He was son of Nabopolassar, who committed the command of the army against Egypt, at Carchemish, and against Judea, to the Brown prince.
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<br><br><b>according to all his wondrous works</b>—Zedekiah hopes for God's special interposition, such as was vouchsafed to Hezekiah against Sennacherib (<a onclick="return mV('2Ki',19,35,36);">2Ki 19:35-36</a>).
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<br><br><b>he</b>—Nebuchadnezzar.
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<br><br><b>go up from us</b>—<i>rise up</i> from the siege which he sat down to lay (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',37,5,11);">Jer 37:5, 11</a>, <i>Margin;</i> <a onclick="return mV('Num',16,24,27);">Num 16:24, 27</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',15,19);">1Ki 15:19</a>, <i>Margin</i>).
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<p id="Jer21_4"><b>4. God of Israel</b>—Those "wondrous works" (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,2);">Jer 21:2</a>) do not belong to you; <i>God</i> is faithful; it is <i>you</i> who forfeit the privileges of the covenant by unfaithfulness. "God will always remain <i>the God of Israel,</i> though He destroy thee and thy people" [CALVIN].
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<br><br><b>turn back the weapons</b>—I will turn them to a very different use from what you intend them. With them you now fight against the Chaldees "without the walls" (the Jewish defenders being as yet able to sally forth more freely, and defend the fountains outside the walls in the valley under Mount Zion; see <a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,13);">Jer 21:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',19,6,7);">Jer 19:6-7</a>); but soon ye shall be driven back within the city [MAURER], and "in the midst" of it, I will cause all your arms to be gathered in one place ("I will assemble <i>them,</i>" namely, your arms) by the Chaldean conquerors [GROTIUS], who shall slay you with those very arms [MENOCHIUS].
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<p id="Jer21_5"><b>5.</b> The Jews shall have not merely the Chaldees, but Jehovah Himself in wrath at their provocations, fighting against them. Every word enhances the formidable character of God's opposition, "I myself...outstretched hand ...strong arm (no longer as in <a onclick="return mV('Exd',6,6);">Exd 6:6</a>, and in the case of Sennacherib, in your behalf, but) in anger...fury...great wrath."
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<p id="Jer21_7"><b>7. the people, and such</b>—rather, explanatory, "the people," namely, "such as are left."
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<br><br><b>seek their life</b>—content with nothing short of their death; not content with plundering and enslaving them.
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<br><br><b>smite with...sword</b>—This was the fate of Zedekiah's sons and many of the Jewish nobles. Zedekiah himself, though not put to a violent death, died of grief. Compare as to the accurate fulfilment, <a onclick="return mV('Jer',34,4);">Jer 34:4</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',12,13);">Eze 12:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,6,7);">2Ki 25:6-7</a>.
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<p id="Jer21_8"><b>8.</b> "Life," if ye surrender; "death," if ye persist in opposing the Chaldees (compare <a onclick="return mV('Deu',30,19);">Deu 30:19</a>). The individuality of Jeremiah's mission from God is shown in that he urges to unconditional surrender; whereas all former prophets had urged the people to oppose their invaders (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',7,16);">Isa 7:16</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',37,33,35);">37:33, 35</a>).
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<p id="Jer21_9"><b>9.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',38,2,17,18);">Jer 38:2, 17-18</a>).
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<br><br><b>falleth to</b>—deserts to.
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<br><br><b>life...a prey</b>—proverbial, to make one's escape with life, like a valuable spoil or prey that one carries off; the narrowness of the escape, and the joy felt at it, are included in the idea (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',39,18);">Jer 39:18</a>).
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<p id="Jer21_10"><b>10. set...face against</b>—determined to punish (See on JFB for <a href="./Comm/jfb/Lev/Lev017.html#Le17_10">Le 17:10</a>).
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<p id="Jer21_12"><b>12. house of David</b>—the royal family and all in office about the king. He calls them so, because it was the greater disgrace that they had so degenerated from the piety of their forefather, <i>David;</i> and to repress their glorying in their descent from him, as if they were therefore inviolable; but God will not spare them as apostates.
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<br><br><b>in the morning</b>—alluding to <i>the time</i> of dispensing justice (<a onclick="return mV('Job',24,17);">Job 24:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',101,8);">Psa 101:8</a>); but the sense is mainly proverbial, for "with promptness" (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',90,14);">Psa 90:14</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',143,8);">143:8</a>). MAURER translates, "every morning."
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<br><br><b>lest my fury...like fire</b>—Already it was kindled, and the decree of God gone forth against the city (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,4,5);">Jer 21:4-5</a>), but the king and his house may yet be preserved by repentance and reformation. God urges to righteousness, not as if they can thereby escape punishment wholly, but as the condition of a <i>mitigation</i> of it.
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<p id="Jer21_13"><b>13. inhabitant of the valley, and rock of the plain</b>—Jerusalem personified; situated for the most part on hills, with valleys at the bottom of them, as the valley of Hinnom, etc.; and beyond the valleys and mountains again, a position most fortified by nature, whence the inhabitants fancied themselves beyond the reach of enemies; but since God is "against" them, their position will avail nothing for them. The "valley" between Mount Zion and Moriah is called Tyropoeon. ROBINSON takes, "rock of the plain" as Mount Zion, <i>on which</i> is a <i>level tract</i> of some extent. It is appropriately here referred to, being the site of the royal residence of the "house of David," addressed (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,12);">Jer 21:12</a>).
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<p id="Jer21_14"><b>14. fruit of your doings</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Pro',1,31);">Pro 1:31</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',3,10,11);">Isa 3:10-11</a>).
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<br><br><b>forest thereof</b>—namely of your city, taken from <a onclick="return mV('Jer',21,13);">Jer 21:13</a>. "Forest" refers to the dense mass of houses built of cedar, etc., brought from Lebanon (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',22,7);">Jer 22:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',52,13);">52:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,9);">2Ki 25:9</a>).
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