67 lines
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67 lines
12 KiB
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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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Title = 'The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah';
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<p id="Chapter1" align="center">Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET<br>CHAPTER 1
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<p id="Jer1_1"><a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,'1-19');">Jer 1:1-19</a>. THE GENERAL TITLE OR INTRODUCTION
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<p><a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,'1-3');">Jer 1:1-3</a>, probably prefixed by Jeremiah, when he collected his prophecies and gave them to his countrymen to take with them to Babylon [MICHAELIS].
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<p><b>1. Anathoth</b>—a town in Benjamin, twenty stadia, that is, two or three miles north of Jerusalem; now Anata (compare <a onclick="return mV('Isa',10,30);">Isa 10:30</a>, and the context, <a onclick="return mV('Isa',10,'28-32');">Isa 10:28-32</a>). One of the four cities allotted to the Kohathites in Benjamin (<a onclick="return mV('Jos',21,18);">Jos 21:18</a>). Compare <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',2,26,27);">1Ki 2:26-27</a>; a stigma was cast thenceforth on the whole sacerdotal family resident there; this may be alluded to in the words here, "the priests ...in Anathoth." God chooses "the weak, base, and despised things ...to confound the mighty."
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<p id="Jer1_2"><b>2, 3. Jehoiakim...Josiah...Zedekiah</b>—Jehoahaz and Jehoiachin are omitted for they reigned only three months each. The first and last of the kings under whom each prophet prophesied are often thus specified in the general title. See on these kings, and Jeremiah's life, my JFB for <a href="./Comm/jfb/Jer/Jer000.html"><i>Introduction</i></a>.
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<br><br><b>thirteenth...of his reign</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,3);">Jer 25:3</a>).
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<br><br><b>fifth month</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,8);">2Ki 25:8</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_4"><b>4-10.</b> <i>Jeremiah's call to the prophetical office.</i>
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<br><br><b>unto me</b>—other manuscripts read "to him"; but <i>English Version</i> probably represents the true <i>Hebrew</i> text; this inscription was doubtless made by Jeremiah himself.
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<p id="Jer1_5"><b>5. knew</b>—approved of thee as My chosen instrument (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',33,12,17);">Exd 33:12, 17</a>; compare <a onclick="return mV('Isa',49,1,5);">Isa 49:1, 5</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',8,29);">Rom 8:29</a>).
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<br><br><b>sanctified</b>—rather, "separated." The primary meaning is, "to set apart" from a common to a special use; hence arose the secondary sense, "to sanctify," ceremonially and morally. It is not here meant that Jehovah cleansed Jeremiah from original sin or regenerated him by His Spirit; but separated him to his peculiar <i>prophetical office,</i> including in its range, not merely the Hebrews, but also the nations hostile to them (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,'12-38');">Jer 25:12-38</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',27,'1-21');">27:1-21</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',46,'1-');">46:1-51:64</a>), [HENDERSON]. Not the effect, but the predestination in Jehovah's secret counsel, is meant by the sanctification here (compare <a onclick="return mV('Luk',1,15,41);">Luk 1:15, 41</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Act',15,18);">Act 15:18</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Gal',1,15);">Gal 1:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eph',1,11);">Eph 1:11</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_6"><b>6.</b> From the long duration of his office (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,2,3);">Jer 1:2-3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',40,1);">Jer 40:1</a>, etc.; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',43,8);">Jer 43:8</a>, etc.), it is supposed that he was at the time of his call under twenty-five years of age.
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<br><br><b>child</b>—the same word is translated, "young man" (<a onclick="return mV('2Sa',18,5);">2Sa 18:5</a>). The reluctance often shown by inspired ministers of God (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',4,10);">Exd 4:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Exd',6,12,30);">6:12, 30</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jon',1,3);">Jon 1:3</a>) to accept the call, shows that they did not assume the office under the impulse of self-deceiving fanaticism, as false prophets often did.
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<p id="Jer1_7"><b>7. to all that</b>—to all "to whom" [ROSENMULLER]. Rather, "to all <i>against</i> whom"; in a hostile sense (compare <a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,8,'17-19');">Jer 1:8, 17-19</a>) [MAURER]. Such was the perversity of the rulers and people of Judea at that time, that whoever would desire to be a faithful prophet needed to arm himself with an intrepid mind; Jeremiah was naturally timid and sensitive; yet the Spirit moulded him to the necessary degree of courage without taking away his peculiar individuality.
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<p id="Jer1_8"><b>8.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',2,6);">Eze 2:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',3,9);">3:9</a>).
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<br><br><b>I am with thee</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Exd',3,12);">Exd 3:12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jos',1,5);">Jos 1:5</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_9"><b>9. touched my mouth</b>—a symbolical act in supernatural vision, implying that God would give him <i>utterance,</i> notwithstanding <i>his</i> inability to speak (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,6);">Jer 1:6</a>). So Isaiah's lips were touched with a living coal (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',6,7);">Isa 6:7</a>; compare <a onclick="return mV('Eze',2,8,9,10);">Eze 2:8-10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',10,16);">Dan 10:16</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_10"><b>10. set thee over</b>—literally, "appointed thee to the oversight." He was to have his eye upon the nations, and to <i>predict</i> their destruction, or restoration, according as their conduct was bad or good. Prophets are said to <i>do</i> that which they <i>foretell</i> shall be done; for their word is God's word; and His word is His instrument whereby He doeth all things (<a onclick="return mV('Gen',1,3);">Gen 1:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',33,6,9);">Psa 33:6, 9</a>). Word and deed are one thing with Him. What His prophet <i>saith</i> is as certain as if it were <i>done.</i> The prophet's own consciousness was absorbed into that of God; so closely united to God did he feel himself, that Jehovah's words and deeds are described as his. In <a onclick="return mV('Jer',31,28);">Jer 31:28</a>, God is said to do what Jeremiah here is represented as doing (compare <a onclick="return mV('Jer',18,7);">Jer 18:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',19,17);">1Ki 19:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',43,3);">Eze 43:3</a>).
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<br><br><b>root out</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Mat',15,13);">Mat 15:13</a>).
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<br><br><b>pull down</b>—change of metaphor to architecture (<a onclick="return mV('2Cr',10,4);">2Cr 10:4</a>). There is a play on the similar sounds, <i>lintbosh, linthotz,</i> in the <i>Hebrew</i> for "root out ...pull down."
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<br><br><b>build...plant</b>—restore upon their repenting. His predictions were to be chiefly, and in the first instance, denunciatory; therefore the destruction of the nations is put first, and with a greater variety of terms than their restoration.
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<p id="Jer1_11"><b>11. rod</b>—shoot, or branch.
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<br><br><b>almond tree</b>—literally, "the wakeful tree," because it awakes from the sleep of winter earlier than the other trees, flowering in January, and bearing fruit in March; symbol of God's <i>early</i> execution of His purpose; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,12);">Jer 1:12</a>, "<i>hasten</i> My word" (compare <a onclick="return mV('Amo',8,3);">Amo 8:3</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_12"><b>12. hasten</b>—rather, "I will <i>be wakeful</i> as to My word," etc.; alluding to <a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,11);">Jer 1:11</a>, "the wakeful tree" [MAURER].
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<p id="Jer1_13"><b>13.</b> Another vision, signifying what is the "word" about to be "performed," and by what instrumentality.
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<br><br><b>seething</b>—literally, "blown under"; so <i>boiling</i> by reason of the flame under it kept brisk by blowing. An Oriental symbol of a raging war.
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<br><br><b>toward</b>—rather, "<i>from</i> the north." Literally, "from the face of the region situated towards the north" (compare <a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,14,15);">Jer 1:14-15</a>) [MAURER]. The pot in the north rested on one side, its mouth being about to pour forth its contents southwards, namely, on Judea. Babylon, though east of Judea, was regarded by the Hebrews as north, because they appropriated the term "east" to Arabia-Deserta, stretching from Palestine to the Euphrates; or rather [BOCHART], the reference here is not to the site, but to the <i>route</i> of the Babylonians; not being able to cross the desert, they must enter the Holy Land by the northern frontier, through Riblah in Hamath (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',39,5);">Jer 39:5</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',52,9);">52:9</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_14"><b>14. break forth</b>—"shall disclose itself."
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<br><br><b>Out of the north</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',4,6);">Jer 4:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,1,22);">6:1, 22</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',10,22);">10:22</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,9);">25:9</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',26,7);">Eze 26:7</a>). The Chaldeans did not cast off the yoke of Assyria till several years after, under Nabopolassar, 625 B.C.; but long previously they had so increased as to threaten Assyria, which was now grown weak, and other neighboring peoples.
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<p id="Jer1_15"><b>15. families</b>—the tribes or clans composing the various kingdoms of Babylon; the specification of these aggravates the picture of calamity (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,9);">Jer 25:9</a>).
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<br><br><b>throne at...gates</b>—the usual place of administering <i>justice.</i> The conquering princes will set up their tribunal there (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',39,3,5);">Jer 39:3, 5</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',52,9);">52:9</a>). Or the reference is to the military pavilion (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',43,10);">Jer 43:10</a>) [MAURER].
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<p id="Jer1_16"><b>16. utter</b>—pronounce. <i>The judicial sentences, pronounced</i> against the Jews by the invading princes, would be virtually the "judgments of God" (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',10,5);">Isa 10:5</a>).
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<br><br><b>works</b>—idols.
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<p id="Jer1_17"><b>17. gird...loins</b>—resolutely prepare for thy appointed task. Metaphor from the flowing robes worn in the East, which have to be <i>girt up</i> with a girdle, so as not to incommode one, when undertaking any active work (<a onclick="return mV('Job',38,3);">Job 38:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Luk',12,35);">Luk 12:35</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Pe',1,13);">1Pe 1:13</a>).
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<br><br><b>dismayed...confound</b>—the same <i>Hebrew</i> word; literally, "to break." Be not <i>dismayed</i> at their faces (before them), lest I make thee <i>dismayed</i> before their faces (before them), that is, "lest I should permit thee to be overcome by them" (compare <a onclick="return mV('Jer',49,37);">Jer 49:37</a>).
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<p id="Jer1_18"><b>18. defenced city,</b> etc.—that is, I will give thee strength which no power of thine enemies shall overcome (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,27);">Jer 6:27</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',15,20);">15:20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',50,7);">Isa 50:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',54,17);">54:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Luk',21,15);">Luk 21:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Act',6,10);">Act 6:10</a>).
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<br><br><b>walls</b>—<i>plural,</i> to express the <i>abundant</i> strength to be given him. DE ROSSI'S'S manuscripts read <i>singular,</i> "wall."
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<br><br><b>people of the land</b>—the general masses, as distinguished from the princes and priests.
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<p id="Jer1_19"></a>
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