75 lines
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75 lines
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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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PriorBook = 'Song of Songs';
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Title = 'The Book of the Prophet Isaiah';
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SubTitle1 = 'Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET';
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SubTitle3 = 'CHAPTER 55';
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<p id="Chapter55" align="center">Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET<br>CHAPTER 55
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<p id="Isa55_1"><a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,'1-13');">Isa 55:1-13</a>. THE CALL OF THE GENTILE WORLD TO FAITH THE RESULT OF GOD'S GRACE TO THE JEWS FIRST.
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<p><b>1. every one</b>—After the <i>special</i> privileges of Israel (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',54,'1-17');">Isa 54:1-17</a>) there follow, as the consequence, the <i>universal</i> invitation to the Gentiles (<a onclick="return mV('Luk',24,47);">Luk 24:47</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',11,12,15);">Rom 11:12, 15</a>).
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<br><br><b>Ho</b>—calls the most earnest attention.
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<br><br><b>thirsteth</b>—has a keen sense of need (<a onclick="return mV('Mat',5,6);">Mat 5:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>waters...wine and milk</b>—a gradation. Not merely <i>water,</i> which is needed to maintain life at all, but <i>wine and milk</i> to strengthen, cheer, and nourish; the spiritual blessings of the Gospel are meant (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',25,6);">Isa 25:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Sgs',5,1);">Sgs 5:1</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jhn',7,37);">Jhn 7:37</a>). "Waters," <i>plural,</i> to denote abundance (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',43,20);">Isa 43:20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',44,3);">44:3</a>).
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<br><br><b>no money</b>—Yet, in <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,2);">Isa 55:2</a>, it is said, "ye spend money." A seeming paradox. Ye are really spiritual bankrupts: but thinking yourselves to have money, namely, a devotion of your own making, ye lavish it on that "which is not bread," that is, on idols, whether literal or spiritual.
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<br><br><b>buy...without money</b>—another paradox. We are <i>bought,</i> but not with a <i>price</i> paid by ourselves (<a onclick="return mV('1Cr',6,20);">1Cr 6:20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Pe',1,18,19);">1Pe 1:18-19</a>). In a different sense we are to "buy" salvation, namely, by parting with everything which comes between us and Christ who has bought it for us and by making it our own (<a onclick="return mV('Mat',13,44,46);">Mat 13:44, 46</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Luk',12,33);">Luk 12:33</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rev',3,18);">Rev 3:18</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_2"><b>2. not bread</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Hab',2,13);">Hab 2:13</a>). "Bread of deceit" (<a onclick="return mV('Pro',20,17);">Pro 20:17</a>). Contrast this with the "bread of life" (<a onclick="return mV('Jhn',6,32,35);">Jhn 6:32, 35</a>; also <a onclick="return mV('Luk',14,'16-20');">Luk 14:16-20</a>).
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<br><br><b>satisfieth not</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Ecc',1,8);">Ecc 1:8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Ecc',4,8);">4:8</a>).
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<br><br><b>hearken...and eat</b>—When two <i>imperatives</i> are joined, the second expresses the <i>consequence</i> of obeying the command in the first (<a onclick="return mV('Gen',42,18);">Gen 42:18</a>). <i>By hearkening ye shall eat.</i> So in <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,1);">Isa 55:1</a>, "buy and eat." By buying, and so making it your own, ye shall eat, that is, <i>experimentally enjoy</i> it (<a onclick="return mV('Jhn',6,53);">Jhn 6:53</a>). Compare the invitation (<a onclick="return mV('Pro',9,5,6);">Pro 9:5-6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mat',22,4);">Mat 22:4</a>).
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<br><br><b>fatness</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',36,8);">Psa 36:8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',63,5);">63:5</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_3"><b>3. me...live</b>—by coming to <i>me</i> ye shall <i>live:</i> for "<i>I</i> am the <i>life</i>" (<a onclick="return mV('Jhn',14,6);">Jhn 14:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>everlasting covenant</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',32,40);">Jer 32:40</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Sa',23,5);">2Sa 23:5</a>).
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<br><br><b>with you...David</b>—God's covenant is with the antitypical David, Messiah (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',34,23);">Eze 34:23</a>), and so with us by our identification with Him.
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<br><br><b>sure</b>—answering to "everlasting," irrevocable, unfailing, to be relied on (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',89,'2-4',28,29,34,35,36);">Psa 89:2-4, 28-29, 34-36</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',33,20,21);">Jer 33:20-21</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Sa',7,15,16);">2Sa 7:15-16</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Cr',1,'18-20');">2Cr 1:18-20</a>).
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<br><br><b>mercies of David</b>—the mercies of grace (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',63,7);">Isa 63:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jhn',1,16);">Jhn 1:16</a>) which I covenanted to give to David, and especially to Messiah, his antitype. Quoted in <a onclick="return mV('Act',13,34);">Act 13:34</a>.
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<p id="Isa55_4"><b>4. him</b>—the mystical David (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',37,24,25);">Eze 37:24-25</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',30,9);">Jer 30:9</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hsa',3,5);">Hsa 3:5</a>). Given by God (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',49,6);">Isa 49:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>witness</b>—He bore witness even unto death for God, to His law, claims, and plan of redeeming love (<a onclick="return mV('Jhn',18,37);">Jhn 18:37</a> <a onclick="return mV('Rev',1,5);">Rev 1:5</a>). Revelation is a "testimony"; because it is propounded to be received on the authority of the Giver, and not merely because it can be proved by arguments.
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<br><br><b>commander</b>—"preceptor" [HORSLEY]; "lawgiver" [BARNES].
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<br><br><b>to the people</b>—rather, "peoples."
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<p id="Isa55_5"><b>5. thou</b>—Jehovah addresses Messiah.
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<br><br><b>call...run</b>—God must <i>call,</i> before man can, or will, <i>run</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Sgs',1,4);">Sgs 1:4</a> <a onclick="return mV('Jhn',6,44);">Jhn 6:44</a>). Not merely <i>come,</i> but <i>run</i> eagerly.
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<br><br><b>thou knowest not</b>—now as thy people (so in <a onclick="return mV('Mat',7,23);">Mat 7:23</a>).
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<br><br><b>nation...nations</b>—gradation; from Israel, one <i>nation,</i> the Gospel spread to many <i>nations,</i> and will do so more fully on Israel's conversion.
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<br><br><b>knew not thee</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',52,15);">Isa 52:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eph',2,11,12);">Eph 2:11-12</a>).
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<br><br><b>because of...thy God...glorified thee</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',60,5,9);">Isa 60:5, 9</a>, <a onclick="return mV('Zec',8,23);">Zec 8:23</a>); where similar language is directed to <i>Israel,</i> because of the identification of Israel with Messiah, who is the ideal Israel (<a onclick="return mV('Mat',2,15);">Mat 2:15</a>; compare with <a onclick="return mV('Hsa',11,1);">Hsa 11:1</a>; see <a onclick="return mV('Act',3,13);">Act 3:13</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_6"><b>6.</b> The condition and limit in the obtaining of the spiritual benefits (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,'1-3');">Isa 55:1-3</a>): (1) Seek the Lord. (2) Seek Him while He is to be found (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',65,1);">Isa 65:1</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',32,6);">Psa 32:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mat',25,'1-13');">Mat 25:1-13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jhn',7,34);">Jhn 7:34</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jhn',8,21);">8:21</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Cr',6,2);">2Cr 6:2</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hbr',2,3);">Hbr 2:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hbr',3,13,15);">3:13, 15</a>).
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<br><br><b>call</b>—casting yourselves wholly on His mercy (<a onclick="return mV('Rom',10,13);">Rom 10:13</a>). Stronger than "seek"; so "near" is more positive than "while He may be found" (<a onclick="return mV('Rom',10,8,9);">Rom 10:8-9</a>).
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<br><br><b>near</b>—propitious (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',34,18);">Psa 34:18</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',145,18);">145:18</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_7"><b>7. unrighteous</b>—<i>Hebrew,</i> "man of iniquity"; true of all men. The "wicked" sins more openly in "his way"; the "unrighteous" refers to the more subtle workings of sin in the "thoughts." All are guilty in the latter respect, thought many fancy themselves safe, because not openly "wicked in ways" (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',94,11);">Psa 94:11</a>). The parallelism is that of gradation. The progress of the penitent is to be from negative reformation, "forsaking his way," and a farther step, "his thoughts," to positive repentance, "returning to the Lord" (the only true repentance, <a onclick="return mV('Zec',12,10);">Zec 12:10</a>), and making God <i>his</i> God, along with the other children of God (the crowning point; <i>appropriation</i> of God <i>to ourselves:</i> "to <i>our</i> God"). "Return" implies that man originally walked with God, but has apostatized. Isaiah saith, "<i>our</i> God," the God of the believing Israelites; those themselves redeemed desire others to come to <i>their</i> God (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',34,8);">Psa 34:8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rev',22,17);">Rev 22:17</a>).
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<br><br><b>abundantly pardon</b>—Literally, "multiply to pardon," still more than "have mercy"; God's graciousness is felt more and more the longer one knows Him (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',130,7);">Psa 130:7</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_8"><b>8. For</b>—referring to <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,7);">Isa 55:7</a>. You need not doubt His willingness "abundantly to pardon" (compare <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,12);">Isa 55:12</a>); <i>for,</i> though "the wicked" man's "<i>ways,</i>" and "the unrighteous man's <i>thoughts,</i>" are so aggravated as to seem unpardonable, God's "thoughts" and "ways" in pardoning are not regulated by the proportion of the former, as man's would be towards his fellow man who offended him; compare the "for" (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',25,11);">Psa 25:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',5,19);">Rom 5:19</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_9"><b>9.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',57,10);">Psa 57:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',57,10);">89:2</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',103,11);">103:11</a>). "For" is repeated from <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,8);">Isa 55:8</a>. But MAURER, after the negation, translates, "but."
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<p id="Isa55_10"><b>10.</b> The hearts of men, once barren of spirituality, shall be made, by the outpouring of the Spirit under Messiah, to bear fruits of righteousness (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',5,6);">Isa 5:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Deu',32,2);">Deu 32:2</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Sa',23,4);">2Sa 23:4</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',72,6);">Psa 72:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>snow</b>—which covers plants from frost in winter; and, when melted in spring, waters the earth.
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<br><br><b>returneth not</b>—void; as in <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,11);">Isa 55:11</a>; it returns not in the same shape, or without "accomplishing" the desired end.
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<br><br><b>bud</b>—germinate.
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<p id="Isa55_11"><b>11.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Mat',24,35);">Mat 24:35</a>). Rain may to us seem lost when it falls on a desert, but it fulfils some purpose of God. So the gospel word falling on the hard heart; it sometimes works a change at last; and even if so, it leaves men without excuse. The full accomplishment of this verse, and <a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,12,13);">Isa 55:12-13</a>, is, however, to be at the Jews' final restoration and conversion of the world (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',11,'9-12');">Isa 11:9-12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',60,'1-5',21);">60:1-5, 21</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_12"><b>12. go out</b>—from the various countries in which ye (the Jews) are scattered, to your own land (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',11,17);">Eze 11:17</a>).
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<br><br><b>led</b>—by Messiah, your "Leader" (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',55,4);">Isa 55:4</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',52,12);">Isa 52:12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mic',2,12,13);">Mic 2:12-13</a>).
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<br><br><b>mountains...trees,</b> etc.—images justly used to express the seeming sympathy of nature with the joy of God's people. For, when sin is removed, the natural world shall be delivered from "vanity," and be renewed, so as to be in unison with the regenerated moral world (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',44,23);">Isa 44:23</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',98,8);">Psa 98:8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',8,'19-22');">Rom 8:19-22</a>).
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<p id="Isa55_13"><b>13. thorn</b>—emblem of the wicked (<a onclick="return mV('2Sa',23,6);">2Sa 23:6</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mic',7,4);">Mic 7:4</a>).
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<br><br><b>fir tree</b>—the godly (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',60,13);">Isa 60:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',92,12);">Psa 92:12</a>). Compare as to the change wrought, <a onclick="return mV('Rom',6,19);">Rom 6:19</a>.
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<br><br><b>brier</b>—emblem of uncultivation (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',5,6);">Isa 5:6</a>).
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<br><br><b>myrtle</b>—<i>Hebrew, Hedes,</i> from which comes <i>Hedassah,</i> the original name of Esther. Type of the Christian Church; for it is a lowly, though beautiful, fragrant, and evergreen shrub (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',92,13,14);">Psa 92:13-14</a>).
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<br><br><b>for a name...everlasting sign</b>—a perpetual memorial to the glory of Jehovah (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',13,11);">Jer 13:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',33,9);">33:9</a>).
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