446 lines
33 KiB
HTML
446 lines
33 KiB
HTML
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<div class="head"><b>The Names of God in the Old Testament</b></div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="toc"></a>Contents</div>
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<p><b>Please note that this is not an exhaustive list of the names of God in the Old Testament.</b></p>
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<ul class="blue2">
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<li><a href="#ng1"> Introduction</a></li>
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<li><a href="#ng2"> El Shaddai</a> (Lord God Almighty)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng3"> El Elyon</a> (The Most High God)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng4"> Adonai</a> (Lord, Master)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng14"> Yahweh or Jehovah</a> (Lord, Jehovah)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng5"> Jehovah Nissi</a> (The Lord My Banner)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng6"> Jehovah-Raah</a> (The Lord My Shepherd) </li>
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<li><a href="#ng7"> Jehovah Rapha</a> (The Lord That Heals)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng8"> Jehovah Shammah</a> (The Lord Is There)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng9"> Jehovah Tsidkenu</a> (The Lord Our Righteousness) </li>
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<li><a href="#ng10"> Jehovah Mekoddishkem</a> (The Lord Who Sanctifies You)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng11"> El Olam</a> (The Everlasting God)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng12"> Elohim</a> (God)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng13"> Qanna</a> (Jealous) </li>
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<li><a href="#ng15"> Jehovah Jireh</a> (The Lord Will Provide) </li>
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<li><a href="#ng16"> Jehovah Shalom</a> (The Lord Is Peace)</li>
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<li><a href="#ng17"> Jehovah Sabaoth</a>(The Lord of Hosts)</li>
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</ul>
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</div></div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng1"></a>Introduction</div>
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"Let them praise the name of the LORD: for his name alone is excellent; his glory [is] above the earth and heaven." <a id="si-Psa 148:13" onClick="return mV('Psa',148,13);">Psa 148:13</a><br><br>
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In the Old Testament times, a name was not only identification, but an identity as well. Many times a special meaning was attached to the name. Names had, among other purposes, an explanatory purpose (e.g., Nabal, whose name means "fool," is the target of Abigail's explanation to David: "For as his name is, so is he; Nabal is his name, and folly is with him:" - <a id="si-1Sa 25:25" onClick="return mV('1Sa',25,25);">1Sa 25:25</a>). Throughout Scripture God reveals Himself to us through His names. When we study these names that He reveals to us in the Bible, we will better understand who God really is. The meanings behind God's names reveal the central personality and nature of the One who bears them.<br><br>
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<b>Who is God to you?</b><br><br>
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Is He your Most High God, All sufficient One, Master, Lord of Peace, the Lord Who Will Provide? Is He your Father? We must be careful not to make God into an "it" or a "thing" to which we pray. He is our Jehovah Raah, the Lord our Shepherd. God knows us by our name, shouldn't we know Him by His?<br><br>
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<b>Hallowed be Your name?</b><br><br>
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To hallow a thing is to make it holy or to set it apart to be exalted as being worthy of absolute devotion. To hallow the name of God is to regard Him with complete devotion and loving admiration. God's name is of the utmost importance (<a id="si-Neh 9:5" onClick="return mV('Neh',9,5);">Neh 9:5</a>); therefore we ought reserve it a position of grave significance in our minds and hearts. We should never take His name lightly (<a id="si-Exd 20:7" onClick="return mV('Exd',20,7);">Exd 20:7</a>; <a id="si-Lev 22:32" onClick="return mV('Lev',22,32);">Lev 22:32</a>), but always rejoice in it and think deeply upon its true meaning.
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<a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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</div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng2"></a>El Shaddai</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(el shad-di') All-Sufficient One, Lord God Almighty</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>El Shaddai</I> occurs 7 times. <I>El Shaddai</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 17:1" onClick="return mV('Gen',17,1);">Gen 17:1</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 2333
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 7706
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<br><br>
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<b><I>El Shaddai </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>theou saddai</I> — God Shaddai; <I>pantokratôr</I> (for Shaddai) — the Almighty
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>El</I> is another name that is translated as "God" and can be used in conjunction with other words to designate various aspects of God's character. Another word much like <I>Shaddai</I>, and from which many believe it derived, is shad meaning "breast" in Hebrew (some other scholars believe that the name is derived from an Akkadian word <I>Šadu</I>, meaning "mountain," suggesting strength and power). This refers to God completely nourishing, satisfying, and supplying His people with all their needs as a mother would her child. Connected with the word for God, <I>El</I>, this denotes a God who freely gives nourishment and blessing, He is our sustainer.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>El Shaddai </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Gen 17:1" onClick="return mV('Gen',17,1);">Gen 17:1</a>; <a id="si-Gen 28:3" onClick="return mV('Gen',28,3);">Gen 28:3</a>; <a id="si-Gen 35:11" onClick="return mV('Gen',35,11);">Gen 35:11</a>; <a id="si-Gen 43:14" onClick="return mV('Gen',43,14);">Gen 43:14</a>; <a id="si-Gen 48:3" onClick="return mV('Gen',48,3);">Gen 48:3</a>
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<a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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</div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng3"></a>El Elyon</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(el el-yone') The Most High God</h2>
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<p><b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>El Elyon</I> occurs 28 times. It occurs 19 times in Psalms. <I>El Elyon</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 14:18" onClick="return mV('Gen',14,18);">Gen 14:18</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 1624g, 1624h
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 5945
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<br><br>
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<b><I>El Elyon </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>ho theos ho hupsistos</I> — the God most high
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>El</I> is another name that is translated as "God" and can be used in conjunction with other words to designate various aspects of God's character. <I>Elyon</I> literally means "Most High" and is used both adjectivally and substantivally throughout the Old Testament. It expresses the extreme sovereignty and majesty of God and His highest preeminence. When the two words are combined — <I>El Elyon </I>— it can be translated as "the most exalted God."(<a id="si-Psa 57:2" onClick="return mV('Psa',57,2);">Psa 57:2</a>)
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>El Elyon </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Gen 14:18" onClick="return mV('Gen',14,18);">Gen 14:18</a>; <a id="si-Gen 14:19" onClick="return mV('Gen',14,19);">Gen 14:19</a>; <a id="si-Gen 14:20" onClick="return mV('Gen',14,20);">Gen 14:20</a>; <a id="si-Gen 14:22" onClick="return mV('Gen',14,22);">Gen 14:22</a>; <a id="si-Psa 57:2" onClick="return mV('Psa',57,2);">Psa 57:2</a>; <a id="si-Psa 78:35" onClick="return mV('Psa',78,35);">Psa 78:35</a>
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</div></div>
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<a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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</div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng4"></a>Adonai</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(ad-o-noy') Lord, Master</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Adonai</I> occurs 434 times. There are heavy uses of <I>Adonai</I> in Isaiah (<I>e.g., Adonai Jehovah</I>). It occurs 200 times in Ezekiel alone and appears 11 times in Daniel Chapter 9. <I>Adonai</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 15:2" onClick="return mV('Gen',15,2);">Gen 15:2</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 27b
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 0136
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Adonai </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios</I> — Lord, Master
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Adonai</I> is the verbal parallel to <I>Yahweh</I> and <I>Jehovah</I>. <I>Adonai</I> is plural; the singular is adon. In reference to God the plural <I>Adonai</I> is used. When the singular <I>adon</I> is used, it usually refers to a human lord. <I>Adon</I> is used 215 times to refer to men. Occasionally in Scripture and predominantly in the Psalms, the singular <I>adon</I> is used to refer to God as well (<I>cf.</I> <a id="si-Exd 34:23" onClick="return mV('Exd',34,23);">Exd 34:23</a>). To avoid contravening the commandment "Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain" (<a id="si-Exd 20:7" onClick="return mV('Exd',20,7);">Exd 20:7</a>), sometimes <I>Adonai</I> was used as a substitute for <I>Yahweh</I> (YHWH). <I>Adonai</I> can be translated literally as, "my lords' " (both plural and possessive).
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Adonai </I>in the Old Testament:</b>
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Complete list available <a href="./strongs_hebrew.html?word=0136&show_strongs=S&wait=0">here</a>.
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng14"></a>Yahweh or Jehovah</div>
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<h2>(yah-weh) Lord, Jehovah</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Yahweh</I> occurs 6519 times. This name is used more than any other name of God. <I>Yahweh</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 2:4" onClick="return mV('Gen',2,4);">Gen 2:4</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> YHWH, Jehovah
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 484a
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3068
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Yahweh</I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios</I> — Lord, Master<br><I>despotês</I> — Lord, Master, denoting the omnipotence of God (TDNT), despot, absolute ruler
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Yahweh</I> is the promised name of God. This name of God which (by Jewish tradition) is too holy to voice, is abbreviated "YHWH" without vowels. <I>YHWH</I> is referred to as the Tetragrammaton (which simply means "the four letters"). <I>YHWH</I> comes from the Hebrew letters: Yud, Hay, Vav, Hay. While <I>YHWH</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 2" onClick="return mV('Gen',2,'1-');">Gen 2</a>, God didn't reveal Himself as <I>YHWH</I> until <a id="si-Exd 3" onClick="return mV('Exd',3,'1-');">Exd 3</a>. Many pronounce <I>YHWH</I> as "Jehovah" or "Yahweh"; we no longer know the proper pronunciation. During the third century A.D., the Jewish people stopped saying this name in fear of contravening the commandment "Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain" (<a id="si-Exd 20:7" onClick="return mV('Exd',20,7);">Exd 20:7</a>). As a result of this, <I>Adonai</I> is occasionally a substitute for <I>YHWH</I>. The following compound names which start with "YHWH" have been shown using "Jehovah." This is due to the common usage of "Jehovah" in the English of these compound names in the early English translations of the Bible (e.g., the Geneva Bible, the King James Version, etc.).
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Yahweh </I>in the Old Testament:</b> Complete list available <a href="./strongs_hebrew.html?word=03068&show_strongs=S&wait=0">here</a>.
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</div>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng5"></a>Jehovah Nissi</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' nis-see') The Lord My Banner, The Lord My Miracle</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah-Nissi</I> occurs only once in <a id="si-Exd 17:15" onClick="return mV('Exd',17,15);">Exd 17:15</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah Nisi; Jehovahnissi
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3071
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Nissi </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios kataphugê mou</I> — the Lord is my refuge
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" — this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Nes</I> (<I>nês</I>), from which <I>Nissi</I> derived, means "banner" in Hebrew. In <a id="si-Exd 17:15" onClick="return mV('Exd',17,15);">Exd 17:15</a>, Moses, recognizing that the Lord was Israel's banner under which they defeated the Amalekites, builds an altar named <I>Jehovah-Nissi</I> (the Lord our Banner). Nes is sometimes translated as a pole with an insignia attached. In battle opposing nations would fly their own flag on a pole at each of their respective front lines. This was to give their soldiers a feeling of hope and a focal point. This is what God is to us: a banner of encouragement to give us hope and a focal point.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Nissi </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Exd 17:15" onClick="return mV('Exd',17,15);">Exd 17:15</a>
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<a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng6"></a>Jehovah-Raah</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' raw-aw') The Lord My Shepherd</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah-Raah</I> (The Lord my Shepherd) is used in <a id="si-Psa 23" onClick="return mV('Psa',23,'1-');">Psa 23</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah Rohi; Jehovah Ro'eh
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 2185, 2186
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 7462
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<b><I>Jehovah-Raah </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios poimainei me</I> — the Lord shepherds me
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" — this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Rô'eh</I> from which <I>Raah</I> derived, means "shepherd" in Hebrew. A shepherd is one who feeds or leads his flock to pasture (<a id="si-Eze 34:11-15" onClick="return mV('Eze',34,'11-15');">Eze 34:11-15</a>). An extend translation of this word, <I>rea'</I>, is "friend" or "companion." This indicates the intimacy God desires between Himself and His people. When the two words are combined — <I>Jehovah Raah</I> — it can be translated as "The Lord my Friend."
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah-Raah </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Gen 48:15" onClick="return mV('Gen',48,15);">Gen 48:15</a>; <a id="si-Gen 49:24" onClick="return mV('Gen',49,24);">Gen 49:24</a>; <a id="si-Psa 23:1" onClick="return mV('Psa',23,1);">Psa 23:1</a>; <a id="si-Psa 80:1" onClick="return mV('Psa',80,1);">Psa 80:1</a>
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<a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng7"></a>Jehovah-Rapha</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' raw-faw') The Lord that Heals</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah-Rapha</I> (The Lord that Heals) is used in <a id="si-Exd 15:26" onClick="return mV('Exd',15,26);">Exd 15:26</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah-Rophe; Jehovah Rophecha; Jehovah Raphah
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 2196
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 7495
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Rapha </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios ho iômenos se</I> — the Lord your healer
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" - this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Rapha</I> (râpâ') means "to restore", "to heal" or "to make healthful" in Hebrew. When the two words are combined — <I>Jehovah Rapha</I> — it can be translated as "Jehovah Who Heals." (<I>cf.</I> <a id="si-Jer 30:17" onClick="return mV('Jer',30,17);">Jer 30:17</a>; <a id="si-Jer 3:22" onClick="return mV('Jer',3,22);">Jer 3:22</a>; <a id="si-Isa 30:26" onClick="return mV('Isa',30,26);">Isa 30:26</a>; <a id="si-Isa 61:1" onClick="return mV('Isa',61,1);">Isa 61:1</a>; <a id="si-Psa 103:3" onClick="return mV('Psa',103,3);">Psa 103:3</a>). <I>Jehovah</I> is the Great Physician who heals the physical and emotional needs of His people.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Rapha </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Exd 15:26" onClick="return mV('Exd',15,26);">Exd 15:26</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng8"></a>Jehovah Shammah</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' shawm'-maw)<br>The Lord Is There</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah Shammah</I> occurs only once in <a id="si-Eze 48:35" onClick="return mV('Eze',48,35);">Eze 48:35</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah Samma
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3074
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Shammah </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>estai to onoma autês</I> — the name thereof
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" - this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Shammah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>sham</I>, which can be translated as "there." <I>Jehovah Shammah</I> is a symbolic name for the earthly Jerusalem. The name indicates that God has not abandoned Jerusalem, leaving it in ruins, but that there will be a restoration.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Shammah </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Eze 48:35" onClick="return mV('Eze',48,35);">Eze 48:35</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng9"></a>Jehovah Tsidkenu</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' tsid-kay'-noo)<br>The Lord Our Righteousness</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah Tsidkenu</I> occurs 2 times. <I>Jehovah Tsidkenu</I> is first used in <a id="si-Jer 23:6" onClick="return mV('Jer',23,6);">Jer 23:6</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah Tzidkaynu; Jehovah Tsidqenuw
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3072
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Tsidkenu </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kuriou tou theou hêmôn elalêsen pros hêmas</I> — the Lord our God spoke to us
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" - this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Tsedek</I> (tseh'-dek), from which <I>Tsidkenu</I> derived, means "to be stiff," "to be straight," or "righteous" in Hebrew. When the two words are combined — <I>Jehovah Tsidkenu</I> — it can be translated as "The Lord Who is our Righteousness."
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Tsidkenu </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Jer 23:6" onClick="return mV('Jer',23,6);">Jer 23:6</a>; <a id="si-Jer 33:16" onClick="return mV('Jer',33,16);">Jer 33:16</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng10"></a>Jehovah Mekoddishkem</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' M-qadash) The Lord Who Sanctifies You,<br>The Lord Who Makes Holy</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah Mekoddishkem</I> occurs 2 times. <I>Jehovah Mekoddishkem</I> is first used in <a id="si-Exd 31:13" onClick="return mV('Exd',31,13);">Exd 31:13</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Jehovah M'kaddesh
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 1990
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 6942
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Mekoddishkem </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios ho hagiazôn humas</I> — the Lord that sanctifies you
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" — this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Mekoddishkem</I> derives from the Hebrew word <I>qâdash</I> meaning "sanctify," "holy," or "dedicate." Sanctification is the separation of an object or person to the dedication of the Holy. When the two words are combined — <I>Jehovah Mekoddishkem</I> — it can be translated as "The Lord who sets you apart."
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Mekoddishkem </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Exd 31:13" onClick="return mV('Exd',31,13);">Exd 31:13</a>; <a id="si-Lev 20:8" onClick="return mV('Lev',20,8);">Lev 20:8</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng11"></a>El Olam</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(el o-lawm') The Everlasting God, The God of Eternity,<br>The God of the Universe, The God of Ancient Days
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</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> <I>El Olam</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 21:33" onClick="return mV('Gen',21,33);">Gen 21:33</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 1631a
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 5769
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<br><br>
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<b><I>El Olam</I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>[ho] theos [ho] aiônios</I> — the everlasting God
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>El</I> is another name that is translated as "God" and can be used in conjunction with other words to designate various aspects of God's character. <I>Olam</I> derives from the root word <I> 'lm</I> (which means "eternity"). <I>Olam</I> literally means "forever," "eternity," or "everlasting". When the two words are combined — <I>El Olam</I> — it can be translated as "The Eternal God."
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>El Olam</I> in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Gen 21:33" onClick="return mV('Gen',21,33);">Gen 21:33</a>; <a id="si-Jer 10:10" onClick="return mV('Jer',10,10);">Jer 10:10</a>; <a id="si-Isa 26:4" onClick="return mV('Isa',26,4);">Isa 26:4</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng12"></a>Elohim</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(el-o-heem') God, Judge, Creator</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> : In the Old Testament <I>Elohim</I> occurs over 2000 times. <I>Elohim</I> is first used in <a id="si-Gen 1:1" onClick="return mV('Gen',1,1);">Gen 1:1</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 93c
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 0430
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<b><I>Elohim </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>theos</I> — the standard Greek word for god, "a transcendent being who exercises extraordinary control in human affairs or is responsible for bestowal of unusual benefits" (BDAG). It specifically refers to the monotheistic God of Israel.
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Elohim</I> is translated as "God." The derivation of the name <I>Elohim</I> is debatable to most scholars. Some believe it derived from <I> 'êl</I> which, in turn, originates from the root word, <I>'wl</I> (which means "strong"). Others think that <I>Elohim</I> is derived from another two roots: <I>'lh</I> (which means "god") in conjunction with <I> 'elôah</I> (which means "fear"). And still others presume that both <I> 'êl</I> and <I>Elohim</I> come from <I> 'eloah</I>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Elohim </I>in the Old Testament:</b> Complete list available <a href="./strongs_hebrew.html?word=0430&show_strongs=S&wait=0">here</a>.
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng13"></a>Qanna</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(kan-naw') Jealous, Zealous</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Qanna</I> occurs 6 times. <I>Qanna</I> is first used in <a id="si-Exd 20:5" onClick="return mV('Exd',20,5);">Exd 20:5</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> Kanna
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 2038b
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 7067
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Qanna </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>zêlôtês</I> — jealous
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Qanna</I> is translated as "jealous," "zealous," or "envy." The fundamental meaning relates to a marriage relationship. God is depicted as Israel's husband; He is a jealous God, wanting all our praise for Himself and no one else. (<I>cf.</I> <a id="si-Exd 34:14" onClick="return mV('Exd',34,14);">Exd 34:14</a>)
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Qanna </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Exd 20:5" onClick="return mV('Exd',20,5);">Exd 20:5</a>; <a id="si-Exd 34:14" onClick="return mV('Exd',34,14);">Exd 34:14</a>; <a id="si-Deu 4:24" onClick="return mV('Deu',4,24);">Deu 4:24</a>; <a id="si-Deu 5:9" onClick="return mV('Deu',5,9);">Deu 5:9</a>; <a id="si-Deu 6:15" onClick="return mV('Deu',6,15);">Deu 6:15</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng15"></a>Jehovah Jireh</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' yir-eh') The Lord Will Provide</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah-Jireh</I> occurs only once in <a id="si-Gen 22:14" onClick="return mV('Gen',22,14);">Gen 22:14</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3070
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Jireh </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios eiden</I> — the Lord has seen
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" - this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Jehovah-Jireh </I> is a symbolic name given to Mount Moriah by Abraham to memorialize the intercession of God in the sacrifice of Isaac by providing a substitute for the imminent sacrifice of his son.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Jireh </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Gen 22:14" onClick="return mV('Gen',22,14);">Gen 22:14</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng16"></a>Jehovah-Shalom</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' shaw-lome') The Lord is Peace</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> In the Old Testament <I>Jehovah-Shalom</I> occurs only once in <a id="si-Jdg 6:24" onClick="return mV('Jdg',6,24);">Jdg 6:24</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 3073
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah-Shalom </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>eirênê kuriou</I> — peace of the Lord
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation:</b> Meaning and Derivation: <I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" — this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. Shalom is a derivative of <I>shâlêm</I> (which means "be complete" or "sound") <I>Shalom</I> is translated as "peace" or "absence from strife." <I>Jehovah-Shalom</I> is the name of an altar built by Gideon in Ophrah.
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah-Shalom </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-Jdg 6:24" onClick="return mV('Jdg',6,24);">Jdg 6:24</a>
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<div class="subhead"><a id="ng17"></a>Jehovah Sabaoth</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<h2>(yeh-ho-vaw' se ba'ôt) The Lord of Hosts, The Lord of Powers</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Use in the Bible:</b> <I>Jehovah</I> and <I>Elohim</I> occur with <I>Sabaoth</I> over 285 times. It is most frequently used in Jeremiah and Isaiah. <I>Jehovah Sabaoth</I> is first used in <a id="si-1Sa 1:3" onClick="return mV('1Sa',1,3);">1Sa 1:3</a>.
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<br><br>
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<b>Variant spellings:</b> None
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<br><br>
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<b>TWOT Reference:</b> 1865a, 1865b
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<br><br>
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<b>Strong's Reference:</b> 6635
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<br><br>
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<b><I>Jehovah Sabaoth </I>in the Septuagint:</b> <I>kurios sabaôth</I> — the Lord of hosts (<I>sabaôth</I>: Gr. transliteration of Heb. "hosts")
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<br><br>
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<b>Meaning and Derivation: </b><I>Jehovah</I> is translated as "The Existing One" or "Lord." The chief meaning of <I>Jehovah</I> is derived from the Hebrew word <I>Havah</I> meaning "to be" or "to exist." It also suggests "to become" or specifically "to become known" - this denotes a God who reveals Himself unceasingly. <I>Sabaoth</I> (s<sup>e</sup> bâ'ôt) means "armies" or "hosts." <I>Jehovah Sabaoth</I> can be translated as "The Lord of Armies" (<a id="si-1Sa 1:3" onClick="return mV('1Sa',1,3);">1Sa 1:3</a>). This name denotes His universal sovereignty over every army, both spiritual and earthly. The Lord of Hosts is the king of all heaven and earth. (<a id="si-Psa 24:9-10" onClick="return mV('Psa',24,'9-10');">Psa 24:9-10</a>; <a id="si-Psa 84:3" onClick="return mV('Psa',84,3);">Psa 84:3</a>; <a id="si-Isa 6:5" onClick="return mV('Isa',6,5);">Isa 6:5</a>).
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<br><br>
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<b>Further references of the name <I>Jehovah Sabaoth </I>in the Old Testament:</b> <a id="si-1Sa 1:11" onClick="return mV('1Sa',1,11);">1Sa 1:11</a>; <a id="si-1Sa 17:45" onClick="return mV('1Sa',17,45);">1Sa 17:45</a>; <a id="si-2Sa 6:18" onClick="return mV('2Sa',6,18);">2Sa 6:18</a>; <a id="si-2Sa 7:27" onClick="return mV('2Sa',7,27);">2Sa 7:27</a>; <a id="si-1Ki 19:14" onClick="return mV('1Ki',19,14);">1Ki 19:14</a>; <a id="si-2Ki 3:14" onClick="return mV('2Ki',3,14);">2Ki 3:14</a>; <a id="si-1Ch 11:9" onClick="return mV('1Ch',11,9);">1Ch 11:9</a>; <a id="si-Psa 24:10" onClick="return mV('Psa',24,10);">Psa 24:10</a>; <a id="si-Psa 48:8" onClick="return mV('Psa',48,8);">Psa 48:8</a>; <a id="si-Psa 80:4" onClick="return mV('Psa',80,4);">Psa 80:4</a>; <a id="si-Psa 80:19" onClick="return mV('Psa',80,19);">Psa 80:19</a>; <a id="si-Psa 84:3" onClick="return mV('Psa',84,3);">Psa 84:3</a>; <a id="si-Isa 1:24" onClick="return mV('Isa',1,24);">Isa 1:24</a>; <a id="si-Isa 3:15" onClick="return mV('Isa',3,15);">Isa 3:15</a>; <a id="si-Isa 5:16" onClick="return mV('Isa',5,16);">Isa 5:16</a>; <a id="si-Isa 6:5" onClick="return mV('Isa',6,5);">Isa 6:5</a>; <a id="si-Isa 9:19" onClick="return mV('Isa',9,19);">Isa 9:19</a>; <a id="si-Isa 10:26" onClick="return mV('Isa',10,26);">Isa 10:26</a>; <a id="si-Isa 14:22" onClick="return mV('Isa',14,22);">Isa 14:22</a>; <a id="si-Jer 9:15" onClick="return mV('Jer',9,15);">Jer 9:15</a>; <a id="si-Jer 48:1" onClick="return mV('Jer',48,1);">Jer 48:1</a>; <a id="si-Hsa 12:5" onClick="return mV('Hsa',12,5);">Hsa 12:5</a>; <a id="si-Amo 3:13" onClick="return mV('Amo',3,13);">Amo 3:13</a>; <a id="si-Mic 4:4" onClick="return mV('Mic',4,4);">Mic 4:4</a>; <a id="si-Nah 3:5" onClick="return mV('Nah',3,5);">Nah 3:5</a>; <a id="si-Hag 2:6" onClick="return mV('Hag',2,6);">Hag 2:6</a>; <a id="si-Zec 1:3" onClick="return mV('Zec',1,3);">Zec 1:3</a>; <a id="si-Mal 1:6" onClick="return mV('Mal',1,6);">Mal 1:6</a>; <a id="si-Hab 2:13" onClick="return mV('Hab',2,13);">Hab 2:13</a>; <a id="si-Zep 2:9" onClick="return mV('Zep',2,9);">Zep 2:9</a>
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<div class="cite2">
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<p class="bibliobox"><strong>Bibliographic Information:</strong><br>Author: Blue Letter Bible<br>Work: <em>The Names of God in the Old Testament</em><br>Date Added: 1 Apr 2002</p>
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