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131 lines
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<div class="head">Executable Outlines</div>
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<div class="subhead">The Epistle to the Galatians</div>
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<div class="main-just"><div class="pad30">
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<div class="levI" align="center" style="color:324395;font-size:150%;font-weight:bold;">Introduction</div>
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<p><b>AUTHOR:</b> The apostle Paul (<a id="si-Gal 1:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,1);">Gal 1:1</a>; <a id="si-Gal 5:2" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,2);">Gal 5:2</a>). This was the unanimous view of the early church, and even those modern critics who challenge the authorship of many of the New Testament books concede that Galatians is truly Pauline.</p>
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<p><b>BACKGROUND OF THE EPISTLE:</b> During his first missionary journey (46-48 A.D.), Paul together with Barnabas had the opportunity to establish several churches in the Roman province of Galatia (<a id="si-Act 13:14" onClick="return mV('Act',13,'14-52');">Act 13:14</a>-<a id="si-Act 14:1-23" onClick="return mV('Act',14,'1-23');">Act 14:1-23</a>). On his second trip (49-52 A.D.), Paul and Silas visited them again (<a id="si-Act 16:1-5" onClick="return mV('Act',16,'1-5');">Act 16:1-5</a>).</p>
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<p>It wasn't long, however, before some Jewish Christians came in and began teaching that Gentile Christians needed to be circumcised and keep the Law of Moses (similar to what happened at Antioch of Syria, cf. <a id="si-Act 15:1" onClick="return mV('Act',15,1);">Act 15:1</a>). In an effort to persuade the Galatians, it appears the tactic was to discredit Paul as an apostle, challenge his concept of the gospel of Christ, and charge his doctrine with leading to loose living.</p>
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<p><b>TIME AND PLACE OF WRITING:</b> Dating Galatians is affected by one's view of whether the churches of Galatia were located in the north central part of Asia Minor (ethnic Galatia), or in the south central part (the Roman province of Galatia). The "North Galatia Theory" maintains that the churches were in the north, and that Paul had not been there until the beginning of his third missionary journey (54-55 A.D.; cf. <a id="si-Act 18:23" onClick="return mV('Act',18,23);">Act 18:23</a>). This would require that Paul wrote his epistle sometime toward the end of that journey, or afterward (i.e., around 57-58 A.D. or later).</p>
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<p>I subscribe to the "South Galatia Theory", which identifies the churches of Galatia as those established on Paul's first journey (cf. <a id="si-Act 13:14-52" onClick="return mV('Act',13,'14-52');">Act 13:14-52</a>-<a id="si-Act 14:1-23" onClick="return mV('Act',14,'1-23');">Act 14:1-23</a>). I also believe that the meeting described in <a id="si-Gal 2:1-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',2,'1-10');">Gal 2:1-10</a> took place during the "Jerusalem Conference" related in <a id="si-Act 15:1-29" onClick="return mV('Act',15,'1-29');">Act 15:1-29</a>. This view opens several possibilities for the place and time of writing:</p>
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<div class="levA">1) Corinth, in the period of <a id="si-Act 18:1-17" onClick="return mV('Act',18,'1-17');">Act 18:1-17</a></div>
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<div class="levA">2) Antioch, in the period of <a id="si-Act 18:22" onClick="return mV('Act',18,22);">Act 18:22</a></div>
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<div class="levA">3) Ephesus, in the period covered by <a id="si-Act 19:1-41" onClick="return mV('Act',19,'1-41');">Act 19:1-41</a></div>
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<div class="levA">4) Macedonia or Achaia in the period of <a id="si-Act 20:1-3" onClick="return mV('Act',20,'1-3');">Act 20:1-3</a></div>
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<p>With such uncertainty one cannot be dogmatic, but in view of Paul's lengthy stay in Ephesus, that would seem a likely possibility, and the date would be approximately <b>A.D. 55</b>.</p>
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<p><b>PURPOSE OF THE EPISTLE:</b> The churches in Galatia were being influenced by those who would "pervert the gospel of Christ" (<a id="si-Gal 1:6-7" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'6-7');">Gal 1:6-7</a>;</b> cf. <a id="si-Gal 3:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,1);">Gal 3:1</a>). Known as "Judaizing teachers", these individuals taught that Gentile Christians needed to be circumcised and keep the Law of Moses (cf. <a id="si-Act 15:1" onClick="return mV('Act',15,1);">Act 15:1</a>). Paul recognized that this doctrine would jeopardize the salvation of those souls who accepted it (cf. <a id="si-Gal 5:4" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,4);">Gal 5:4</a>). Because the enemies of the true gospel were trying to support their case by undermining Paul's authority as an apostle of Christ, it was necessary to verify that he was truly an apostle "not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father" (<a id="si-Gal 1:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,1);">Gal 1:1</a>). Therefore, Paul writes:</p>
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<p align="center"><b>TO VERIFY HIS APOSTLESHIP AND THE GOSPEL OF JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH IN CHRIST</b></p>
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<p>Because of his outstanding defense of the gospel of Christ in which we have freedom from sin and the Law, this epistle has frequently been called "The Magna Carta Of Christian Liberty."</p>
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<p><b>KEY VERSE: <a id="si-Gal 5:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,1);">Gal 5:1</a></p>
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<div class="block"><b>"Stand fast therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not be entangled again with a yoke of bondage."</b></div>
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<p> </p>
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<div class="levI" align="center" style="color:324395;font-size:150%;"><b>OUTLINE:</b></div>
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<div class="levI"><b>INTRODUCTION (<a id="si-Gal 1:1-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'1-10');">Gal 1:1-10</a>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA">1. Salutation (<a id="si-Gal 1:1-5" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'1-5');">Gal 1:1-5</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA">2. Reason for the letter (<a id="si-Gal 1:6-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'6-10');">Gal 1:6-10</a>)</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>I. <u>PAUL'S DEFENSE OF HIS APOSTLESHIP</u> (<span class="noTag">Gal 1:11-2:21</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA"><b>A. THE DIVINE ORIGIN OF HIS GOSPEL (<span class="noTag">Gal 1:11-17</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. Thesis: His gospel received directly from God (<a id="si-Gal 1:11-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'6-10');">Gal 1:11-10</b>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. His pre-Christian years, and conversion (<a id="si-Gal 1:13-17" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'13-17');">Gal 1:13-17</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>B. HIS RELATIONSHIP TO THE OTHER APOSTLES (<span class="noTag">Gal 1:18-2:21</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. His first visit with Peter, and early years as a Christian (<a id="si-Gal 1:18-24" onClick="return mV('Gal',1,'18-24');">Gal 1:18-24</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. The council at Jerusalem (<a id="si-Gal 2:1-5" onClick="return mV('Gal',2,'1-5');">Gal 2:1-5</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">3. His sanction by James, Cephas, and John (<a id="si-Gal 2:6-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',2,'6-10');">Gal 2:6-10</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">4. His rebuke of Peter at Antioch (<span class="noTag">Gal 2:11-21</span>)</div>
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<div class="lev1"> a. Peter's hypocrisy (<a id="si-Gal 2:11-15" onClick="return mV('Gal',2,'11-15');">Gal 2:11-15</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1"> b. His speech to Peter, how we are justified by faith in Christ (<a id="si-Gal 2:14-21" onClick="return mV('Gal',2,'14-21');">Gal 2:14-21</a>)</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>II. <u>PAUL'S DEFENSE OF THE GOSPEL OF JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH</u> (<span class="noTag">3:1-4:31</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA"><b>A. THE PERSONAL ARGUMENT (<span class="noTag">Gal 3:1-5</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. How they received the Spirit (<a id="si-Gal 3:1-4" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'1-4');">Gal 3:1-4</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. From whom they received the Spirit (<a id="si-Gal 3:5" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,5);">Gal 3:5</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>B. THE SCRIPTURAL ARGUMENT (<span class="noTag">Gal 3:6-25</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. The example of Abraham (<a id="si-Gal 3:6-9" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'6-9');">Gal 3:6-9</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. The curse of the Law (<a id="si-Gal 3:10-14" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'10-14');">Gal 3:10-14</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">3. The priority of the Promise over the Law (<a id="si-Gal 3:15-18" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'15-18');">Gal 3:15-18</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">4. The purpose of the Law (<a id="si-Gal 3:19-25" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'19-25');">Gal 3:19-25</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>C. THE PRACTICAL ARGUMENT (<span class="noTag">Gal 3:26-4:7</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. In Christ they are one, as children of God, Abraham's seed, and heirs of the promise (<a id="si-Gal 3:26-29" onClick="return mV('Gal',3,'26-29');">Gal 3:26-29</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. Redeemed from the law, and adopted as sons, they are no longer slaves, but heirs (<a id="si-Gal 4:1-7" onClick="return mV('Gal',4,'1-7');">Gal 4:1-7</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>D. THE SENTIMENTAL ARGUMENT (<span class="noTag">Gal 4:8-20</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. His fears over their returning to bondage (<a id="si-Gal 4:8-11" onClick="return mV('Gal',4,'8-11');">Gal 4:8-11</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. Their past and present relationships to him (<a id="si-Gal 4:12-20" onClick="return mV('Gal',4,'12-20');">Gal 4:12-20</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>E. THE ALLEGORICAL ARGUMENT (<span class="noTag">4:21-31</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. An allegory for those who desire to be under the Law (<a id="si-Gal 4:21-24" onClick="return mV('Gal',4,'21-24');">Gal 4:21-24a</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. Symbolic of the two covenants; one from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage, and the other from the Jerusalem above which makes free (<a id="si-Gal 4:24b-31" onClick="return mV('Gal',4,'24-31');">Gal 4:24b-31</a>)</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>III. <u>THE CALL TO STAND FAST IN THE LIBERTY OF THE GOSPEL</u> (<span class="noTag">Gal 5:1-Gal 6:10</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA"><b>A. A LIBERTY THAT EXCLUDES THE NECESSITY OF CIRCUMCISION (<span class="noTag">Gal 5:1-6</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. Do not be entangled again with a yoke of bondage (<a id="si-Gal 5:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,1);">Gal 5:1</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. Circumcision means nothing; requiring it results in falling from grace (<a id="si-Gal 5:2-4" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'2-4');">Gal 5:2-4</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">3. We should wait for the hope of righteousness with faith working through love (<a id="si-Gal 5:5-6" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'5-'6);">Gal 5:5-6</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>B. A LIBERTY THAT FULFILLS THE LAW (<span class="noTag">Gal 5:7-15</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. Beware of those who would bind the Law (<a id="si-Gal 5:7-12" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'7-12');">Gal 5:7-12</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. Use your liberty as an opportunity to serve one another with love, and you will fulfill the Law (<a id="si-Gal 5:13-14" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'13-14');">Gal 5:13-14</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">3. But beware that you do not use it as an opportunity for the flesh in which you consume one another (<a id="si-Gal 5:13b, 15" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,13,15);">Gal 5:13b, 15</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>C. A LIBERTY IN WHICH ONE IS TO BE LED BY THE SPIRIT (<span class="noTag">Gal 5:16-26</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. Liberty is not an excuse for license (<a id="si-Gal 5:16-18" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'16-18');">Gal 5:16-18</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. The works of the flesh contrasted with the fruits of the Spirit (<a id="si-Gal 5:19-23" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'19-23');">Gal 5:19-23</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">3. Those who are Christ's have crucified the flesh and are walking in the Spirit (<a id="si-Gal 5:24-26" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'24-26');">Gal 5:24-26</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA"><b>D. A LIBERTY WITH A SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY (<span class="noTag">Gal 6:1-10</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="lev1">1. For helping those with burdens (<a id="si-Gal 6:1-5" onClick="return mV('Gal',6,'1-5');">Gal 6:1-5</a>)</div>
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<div class="lev1">2. For doing good to all, thus sowing to the Spirit (<a id="si-Gal 6:6-10" onClick="return mV('Gal',6,'6-10');">Gal 6:6-10</a>)</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>CONCLUSION (<span class="noTag">Gal 6:11-18</span>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA">1. A final rebuke to those who would bind circumcision (<a id="si-Gal 6:11-13" onClick="return mV('Gal',6,'11-13');">Gal 6:11-13</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA">2. Paul's confidence in the cross of Christ (<a id="si-Gal 6:14-17" onClick="return mV('Gal',6,'14-17');">Gal 6:14-17</a>)</div>
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<div class="levA">3. Benediction (<a id="si-Gal 6:18" onClick="return mV('Gal',6,18);">Gal 6:18</a>)</div>
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<p> </p>
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<div class="levI" align="center" style="color:324395;font-size:150%;"><b>REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE INTRODUCTION</b></div>
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<div class="levI"><b>1) According to the "South Galatia Theory", on which journey did Paul establish the churches in Galatia?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- His first journey</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>2) Where does one read about the establishment of these churches?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- <a id="si-Act 13:14-52" onClick="return mV('Act',13,'14-');">Act 13:14-52</a>; <a id="si-Act 14:1-23" onClick="return mV('Act',14,'1-23');">Act 14:1-23</a></div>
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<div class="levI"><b>3) What are some of the cities in which these churches were located? (<a id="si-Act 14:20-23" onClick="return mV('Act',14,'20-23');">Act 14:20-23</a>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- Derbe, Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch of Pisidia</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>4) Among the many possibilities for the place of writing and time of this epistle, which one seems likely because of Paul's extended stay at that place?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- Ephesus, on his third missionary journey, A.D. 55</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>5) What two things were being required of the Gentile Christians that jeopardized their salvation? (cf. <a id="si-Act 15:1" onClick="return mV('Act',15,1);">Act 15:1</a>; <a id="si-Gal 5:2-4" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,'2-4');">Gal 5:2-4</a>)</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- Circumcision</div>
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<div class="levA">- Observance of the Law of Moses</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>6) What three tactics appear to have been used by "Judaizing teachers"?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- Discredit Paul as an apostle</div>
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<div class="levA">- Challenge his concept of the gospel of Christ</div>
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<div class="levA">- Charge his doctrine with leading to loose living</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>7) What is Paul's purpose in writing this epistle?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- To verify his apostleship and the gospel of justification by faith in Christ</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>8) What has The Epistle to the Galatians been frequently called?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- The Magna Carta of Christian Liberty</div>
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<div class="levI"><b>9) Which verse in the book stands out as the "key" verse?</b></div>
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<div class="levA">- <a id="si-Gal 5:1" onClick="return mV('Gal',5,1);">Gal 5:1</a></div>
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<p align="center" style="font-size:85%;margin-top:25px;">Executable Outlines, Copyright © Mark A. Copeland, 2003</p>
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</div></div>
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<div class="return"><a href="#top">Return to Top</a><br>
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<a href="./study/eo/index.html">Return to Executable Outlines</a>
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<div class="cite2">
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<p class="bibliobox"><strong>Bibliographic Information:</strong><br>Author: Copeland, Mark A.<br>Title: "The Epistle to the Galatians"<br>Work: <em>Executable Outlines</em><br>Date Added: 28 Aug 2003<br>Source: Executable Outlines</p>
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