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<title>Blue Letter Bible: Text Commentaries</title>
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Title = 'The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah';
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SubTitle1 = 'Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET';
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SubTitle3 = 'CHAPTER 6';
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<p id="Chapter6" align="center">Commentary by A. R. FAUSSET<br>CHAPTER 6
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<p id="Jer6_1"><a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,'1-30');">Jer 6:1-30</a>. ZION'S FOES PREPARE WAR AGAINST HER: HER SINS ARE THE CAUSE.
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<p><b>1. Benjamin</b>—Jerusalem was situated in the tribe of Benjamin, which was here separated from that of Judah by the valley of Hinnom. Though it was inhabited partly by Benjamites, partly by men of Judah, he addresses the former as being his own countrymen.
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<br><br><b>blow...trumpet...Tekoa</b>—<i>Tikehu, Tekoa</i> form a play on sounds. The birthplace of Amos.
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<br><br><b>Beth-haccerem</b>—meaning in <i>Hebrew,</i> "vineyard-house." It and Tekoa were a few miles south of Jerusalem. As the enemy came from the north, the inhabitants of the surrounding country would naturally flee southwards. The fire-signal on the hills gave warning of danger approaching.
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<p id="Jer6_2"><b>2. likened</b>—rather, "I lay waste." Literally, "O comely and delicate one, I lay waste the daughter of Zion," that is, "thee." So <a onclick="return mV('Zec',3,9);">Zec 3:9</a>, "before <i>Joshua,</i>" that is, "before <i>thee</i>" [MAURER].
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<p id="Jer6_3"><b>3. shepherds</b>—hostile leaders with their armies (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,15);">Jer 1:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',4,17);">4:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',49,50);">49:20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',50,45);">50:45</a>).
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<br><br><b>feed</b>—They shall consume each one all that is near him; literally, "his <i>hand,</i>" that is, the <i>place</i> which he occupies (<a onclick="return mV('Num',2,17);">Num 2:17</a>; see on JFB for <a href="./Comm/jfb/Isa/Isa056.html#Isa56_5">Isa 56:5</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_4"><b>4, 5.</b> The invading soldiers encourage one another to the attack on Jerusalem.
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<br><br><b>Prepare</b>—literally, "Sanctify" war, that is, Proclaim it formally with solemn rites; the invasion was solemnly ordered by God (compare <a onclick="return mV('Isa',13,3);">Isa 13:3</a>).
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<br><br><b>at noon</b>—the hottest part of the day when attacks were rarely made (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',15,8);">Jer 15:8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',20,16);">20:16</a>). Even at this time they wished to attack, such is their eagerness.
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<br><br><b>Woe unto us</b>—The words of the invaders, mourning the approach of <i>night</i> which would suspend their hostile operations; still, even in spite of the darkness, at night they renew the attack (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,5);">Jer 6:5</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_5"></a>
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<p id="Jer6_6"><b>6. cast</b>—<i>Hebrew,</i> "pour out"; referring to the emptying of the baskets of earth to make the <i>mound,</i> formed of "trees" and earthwork, to overtop the city walls. The "trees" were also used to make warlike engines.
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<br><br><b>this</b>—pointing the invaders to Jerusalem.
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<br><br><b>visited</b>—that is, punished.
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<br><br><b>wholly oppression</b>—or join "wholly" with "visited," that is, she is altogether (in her whole extent) to be punished [MAURER].
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<p id="Jer6_7"><b>7. fountain</b>—rather, a <i>well</i> dug, from which water springs; distinct from a natural spring or fountain.
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<br><br><b>casteth out</b>—causeth to flow; literally, "causeth to dig," the cause being put for the effect (<a onclick="return mV('2Ki',21,16,24);">2Ki 21:16, 24</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',57,20);">Isa 57:20</a>).
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<br><br><b>me</b>—Jehovah.
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<p id="Jer6_8"><b>8.</b> Tender appeal in the midst of threats.
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<br><br><b>depart</b>—<i>Hebrew,</i> "be torn away"; Jehovah's affection making Him unwilling to depart; His attachment to Jerusalem was such that an effort was needed to tear Himself from it (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',23,18);">Eze 23:18</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hsa',9,12);">Hsa 9:12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hsa',11,8);">11:8</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_9"><b>9.</b> The Jews are the grapes, their enemies the unsparing gleaners.
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<br><br><b>turn back...hand</b>—again and again bring freshly gathered handfuls to the baskets; referring to the repeated carrying away of captives to Babylon (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',52,'28-30');">Jer 52:28-30</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',24,14);">2Ki 24:14</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,11);">25:11</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_10"><b>10. ear is uncircumcised</b>—closed against the precepts of God by the foreskin of carnality (<a onclick="return mV('Lev',26,41);">Lev 26:41</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',44,7);">Eze 44:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Act',7,51);">Act 7:51</a>).
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<br><br><b>word...reproach</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',20,8);">Jer 20:8</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_11"><b>11. fury of...Lord</b>—His denunciations against Judah communicated to the prophet.
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<br><br><b>weary with holding in</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',20,9);">Jer 20:9</a>).
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<br><br><b>I will pour</b>—or else imperative: the command of God (see <a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,12);">Jer 6:12</a>), "Pour it out" [MAURER].
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<br><br><b>aged...full of days</b>—The former means <i>one becoming old;</i> the latter a <i>decrepit old man</i> [MAURER] (<a onclick="return mV('Job',5,26);">Job 5:26</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',65,20);">Isa 65:20</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_12"><b>12.</b> The very punishments threatened by Moses in the event of disobedience to God (<a onclick="return mV('Deu',28,30);">Deu 28:30</a>).
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<br><br><b>turned</b>—transferred.
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<p id="Jer6_13"><b>13.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',8,10);">Jer 8:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',56,11);">Isa 56:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mic',3,11);">Mic 3:11</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_14"><b>14. hurt</b>—the spiritual <i>wound.</i>
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<br><br><b>slightly</b>—as if it were but a <i>slight</i> wound; or, <i>in a slight manner,</i> pronouncing all sound where there is no soundness.
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<br><br><b>saying</b>—namely, the prophets and priests (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,13);">Jer 6:13</a>). Whereas they ought to warn the people of impending judgments and the need of repentance, they say there is nothing to fear.
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<br><br><b>peace</b>—including soundness. All is <i>sound</i> in the nation's moral state, so all will be <i>peace</i> as to its political state (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',4,10);">Jer 4:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',8,11);">8:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',14,13);">14:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',23,17);">23:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',13,5,10);">Eze 13:5, 10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',22,28);">22:28</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_15"><b>15.</b> ROSENMULLER translates, "They <i>ought to have been</i> ashamed, because...but," etc.; the <i>Hebrew</i> verb often expressing, not the action, but the <i>duty</i> to perform it (<a onclick="return mV('Gen',20,9);">Gen 20:9</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mal',2,7);">Mal 2:7</a>). MAURER translates, "They shall be put to shame, for they commit abomination; nay (the prophet correcting himself), there is no shame in them" (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',3,3);">Jer 3:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',8,12);">8:12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',3,7);">Eze 3:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Zep',3,5);">Zep 3:5</a>).
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<br><br><b>them that fall</b>—They shall fall with the rest of their people who are doomed to fall, that is, I will now cease from words; I will execute vengeance [CALVIN].
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<p id="Jer6_16"><b>16.</b> Image from travellers who have lost their road, stopping and inquiring which is the right way on which they once had been, but from which they have wandered.
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<br><br><b>old paths</b>—Idolatry and apostasy are the modern way; the worship of God the <i>old</i> way. Evil is not coeval with good, but a <i>modern degeneracy</i> from good. The forsaking of God is not, in a true sense, a "way cast up" at all (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',18,15);">Jer 18:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',139,24);">Psa 139:24</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mal',4,4);">Mal 4:4</a>).
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<br><br><b>rest</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',28,12);">Isa 28:12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mat',11,29);">Mat 11:29</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_17"><b>17. watchmen</b>—prophets, whose duty it was to announce impending calamities, so as to lead the people to repentance (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',21,11);">Isa 21:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',58,1);">58:1</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',3,17);">Eze 3:17</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hab',2,1);">Hab 2:1</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_18"><b>18. congregation</b>—parallel to "nations"; it therefore means <i>the gathered peoples</i> who are invited to be witnesses as to how great is the perversity of the Israelites (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,16,17);">Jer 6:16-17</a>), and that they deserve the severe punishment about to be inflicted on them (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,19);">Jer 6:19</a>).
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<br><br><b>what is among them</b>—what <i>deeds</i> are committed by the <i>Israelites</i> (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,16,17);">Jer 6:16-17</a>) [MAURER]. Or, "what <i>punishments</i> are about to be inflicted on them" [CALVIN].
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<p id="Jer6_19"><b>19.</b> (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',1,2);">Isa 1:2</a>).
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<br><br><b>fruit of...thoughts</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Pro',1,31);">Pro 1:31</a>).
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<br><br><b>nor to my law, but rejected it</b>—literally, "and (as to) My law they have rejected it." The same construction occurs in <a onclick="return mV('Gen',22,24);">Gen 22:24</a>. Literally, "To what purpose is this to Me, that incense cometh to Me?"
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<br><br><b>incense...cane</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',43,24);">Isa 43:24</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',60,6);">60:6</a>). No external services are accepted by God without obedience of the heart and life (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',7,21);">Jer 7:21</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Psa',50,'7-9');">Psa 50:7-9</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',1,11);">Isa 1:11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mic',6,6);">Mic 6:6</a>, etc.).
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<br><br><b>sweet...sweet</b>—antithesis. Your <i>sweet</i> cane is not <i>sweet</i> to Me. The calamus.
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<p id="Jer6_20"></a>
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<p id="Jer6_21"><b>21. stumbling-blocks</b>—instruments of the Jews' ruin (compare <a onclick="return mV('Mat',21,44);">Mat 21:44</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',8,14);">Isa 8:14</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Pe',2,8);">1Pe 2:8</a>). God Himself ("I") <i>lays</i> them before the reprobate (<a onclick="return mV('Psa',69,22);">Psa 69:22</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',1,28);">Rom 1:28</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Rom',11,9);">11:9</a>).
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<br><br><b>fathers...sons...neighbour ...friend</b>—indiscriminate ruin.
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<p id="Jer6_22"><b>22. north...sides of the earth</b>—The ancients were little acquainted with the <i>north;</i> therefore it is called <i>the remotest regions</i> (as the <i>Hebrew</i> for "sides" ought to be translated, see on JFB for <a href="./Comm/jfb/Isa/Isa014.html#Isa14_13">Isa 14:13</a>) <i>of the earth.</i> The Chaldees are meant (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,15);">Jer 1:15</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',5,15);">5:15</a>). It is striking that the very same calamities which the Chaldeans had inflicted on Zion are threatened as the retribution to be dealt in turn to themselves by Jehovah (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',50,'41-43');">Jer 50:41-43</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_23"><b>23. like the sea</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',5,30);">Isa 5:30</a>).
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<br><br><b>as men for war</b>—not that they were <i>like</i> warriors, for they <i>were</i> warriors; but "arrayed <i>most perfectly as warriors</i>" [MAURER].
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<p id="Jer6_24"><b>24. fame thereof</b>—the report of them.
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<p id="Jer6_25"><b>25.</b> He addresses "the daughter of Zion" (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,23);">Jer 6:23</a>); caution to the citizens of Jerusalem not to expose themselves to the enemy by going outside of the city walls,
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<br><br><b>sword of the enemy</b>—literally "there is a sword to the enemy"; the enemy hath a sword.
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<p id="Jer6_26"><b>26. wallow...in ashes</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,34);">Jer 25:34</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Mic',1,10);">Mic 1:10</a>). As they usually in mourning only "cast ashes on the head," <i>wallowing in them</i> means something more, namely, so entirely to cover one's self with ashes as to be like one who had rolled in them (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',27,30);">Eze 27:30</a>).
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<br><br><b>as for an only son</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Amo',8,10);">Amo 8:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Zec',12,10);">Zec 12:10</a>).
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<br><br><b>lamentation</b>—literally, "lamentation expressed by beating the breast."
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<p id="Jer6_27"><b>27. tower...fortress</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',1,18);">Jer 1:18</a>), rather, "an assayer (and) explorer." By a metaphor from metallurgy in <a onclick="return mV('Jer',6,'27-30');">Jer 6:27-30</a>, Jehovah, in conclusion, confirms the prophet in his office, and the latter sums up the description of the reprobate people on whom he had to work. The <i>Hebrew</i> for "assayer" (<i>English Version,</i> "tower") is from a root "to try" metals. "Explorer" (<i>English Version,</i> "fortress") is from an <i>Arabic</i> root, "keen-sighted"; or a <i>Hebrew</i> root, "cutting," that is, separating the metal from the dross [EWALD]. GESENIUS translates as <i>English Version,</i> "fortress," which does not accord with the previous "assayer."
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<p id="Jer6_28"><b>28. grievous revolters</b>—literally "contumacious of the contumacious," that is, most contumacious, the <i>Hebrew</i> mode of expressing a superlative. So "the strong among the mighty," that is, the strongest (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',32,21);">Eze 32:21</a>). See <a onclick="return mV('Jer',5,23);">Jer 5:23</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Hsa',4,16);">Hsa 4:16</a>.
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<br><br><b>walking with slanders</b>— (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',9,4);">Jer 9:4</a>). "Going about for the purpose of slandering" [MAURER].
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<br><br><b>brass,</b> etc.—that is, copper. It and "iron" being the baser and harder metals express the debased and obdurate character of the Jews (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',48,4);">Isa 48:4</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Isa',60,17);">60:17</a>).
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<p id="Jer6_29"><b>29. bellows...burned</b>—So intense a heat is made that the very bellows are almost set on fire. ROSENMULLER translates not so well from a <i>Hebrew</i> root, "pant" or "snort," referring to the sound of the bellows blown hard.
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<br><br><b>lead</b>—employed to separate the baser metal from the silver, as quicksilver is now used. In other words, the utmost pains have been used to purify Israel in the furnace of affliction, but in vain (<a onclick="return mV('Jer',5,3);">Jer 5:3</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Pe',1,7);">1Pe 1:7</a>).
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<br><br><b>consumed of the fire</b>—In the <i>Chetib,</i> or <i>Hebrew</i> text, the "consumed" is supplied out of the previous "burned." Translating as ROSENMULLER, "pant," this will be inadmissible; and the <i>Keri</i> (<i>Hebrew Margin</i>) division of the <i>Hebrew</i> words will have to be read, to get "is consumed of the fire." This is an argument for the translation, "are burned."
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<br><br><b>founder</b>—the refiner.
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<br><br><b>wicked...not plucked away</b>—answering to the dross which has no good metal to be separated, the mass being all dross.
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<p id="Jer6_30"><b>30. Reprobate</b>—silver so full of alloy as to be utterly worthless (<a onclick="return mV('Isa',1,22);">Isa 1:22</a>). The Jews were fit only for rejection.
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