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<h2><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'all');">Jdg 18</a> - Micah's Idolatry and the Migration of the Tribe of Dan</h2>
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<p>A. Dan spies out Laish.</p>
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<p class="c1">1. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'1-2');">1-2</a>) The tribe of Dan sends spies to look for land to take among the people of Israel.</p>
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<p class="c2">In those days <i>there was</i> no king in Israel. And in those days the tribe of the Danites was seeking an inheritance for itself to dwell in; for until that day <i>their</i> inheritance among the tribes of Israel had not fallen to them. So the children of Dan sent five men of their family from their territory, men of valor from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and search it. They said to them, 'Go, search the land.' So they went to the mountains of Ephraim, to the house of Micah, and lodged there.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">For until that day their inheritance among the tribes of Israel had not fallen to them</span></b>: The tribe of Dan had land apportioned to them, but they found their own land too hard to conquer.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">So they went to the mountains of Ephraim</span></b>: Looking for easier land to conquer and make their own, the Danites came to the land of the tribe of Ephraim and the house of Micah.</p>
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<p class="c1">2. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'3-6');">3-6</a>) The Danites meet with Micah's Levite.</p>
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<p class="c2">While they <i>were</i> at the house of Micah, they recognized the voice of the young Levite. They turned aside and said to him, 'Who brought you here? What are you doing in this <i>place?</i> What do you have here?' He said to them, 'Thus and so Micah did for me. He has hired me, and I have become his priest.' So they said to him, 'Please inquire of God, that we may know whether the journey on which we go will be prosperous.' And the priest said to them, 'Go in peace. The presence of the <span class="c6">Lord</span> <i>be</i> with you on your way.'</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">The recognized the voice of the young Levite</span></b>: It may be that the spies from the tribe of Dan knew the renegade Levite personally. It is also possible that they simply recognized his accent as being from the southern part of Judea.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Please inquire of God, that we may know whether the journey on which we go will be prosperous</span></b>: This shows what a spiritually confused time this was in Israel. Danites on a sinful mission met with a sinful Levite, and wanted to know from a righteous God if their mission would be successful. Then the sinful Levite sent the sinning men on their way with God's blessing.</p>
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<p class="c1">3. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'7-10');">7-10</a>) The Danites choose a city for expansion: Laish.</p>
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<p class="c2">So the five men departed and went to Laish. They saw the people who <i>were</i> there, how they dwelt safely, in the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure. <i>There were</i> no rulers in the land who might put <i>them</i> to shame for anything. They <i>were</i> far from the Sidonians, and they had no ties with anyone. Then <i>the spies</i> came back to their brethren at Zorah and Eshtaol, and their brethren said to them, 'What <i>is</i> your <i>report</i>?' So they said, 'Arise, let us go up against them. For we have seen the land, and indeed it <i>is</i> very good. <i>Would</i> you <i>do</i> nothing? Do not hesitate to go, <i>and</i> enter to possess the land. When you go, you will come to a secure people and a large land. For God has given it into your hands, a place where <i>there is</i> no lack of anything that <i>is</i> on the earth.'</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">They dwelt safely, in the manner of the Sidonians</span></b>: The Danites found a city nearby that was not occupied by Israelites, but by a colony of the <b><span class="c3">Sidonians</span></b>. This was a group that God told Israel to drive out of the land of Canaan (<a onclick="return mV('Jos',13,4);">Jos 13:4</a>).</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">For we have seen the land, and indeed it is very good</span></b>: Seeing that the land was good and the city was not heavily defended, the Danites believed this would be a good city to conquer and take as their own territory.</p>
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<p class="c1">4. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'11-13');">11-13</a>) They assemble an army of 600 to take possession of Laish.</p>
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<p class="c2">And six hundred men of the family of the Danites went from there, from Zorah and Eshtaol, armed with weapons of war. Then they went up and encamped in Kirjath Jearim in Judah. (Therefore they call that place Mahaneh Dan to this day. There <i>it is,</i> west of Kirjath Jearim.) And they passed from there to the mountains of Ephraim, and came to the house of Micah.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Six hundred men . . . armed with weapons of war</span></b>: Curiously, they assembled an army of 600 men to fight for the city of Laish in the land of the tribe of Ephraim. Yet they could not fight for the land of their own tribal allotment. For some reason, to them and often to us, a distant battle seemed easier.</p>
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<p>B. The tribe of Dan adopts Micah's idolatry.</p>
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<p class="c1">1. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'14-18');">14-18a</a>) On their way to Laish, the army of 600 men come to take Micah's shrine for themselves.</p>
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<p class="c2">Then the five men who had gone to spy out the country of Laish answered and said to their brethren, 'Do you know that there are in these houses an ephod, household idols, a carved image, and a molded image? Now therefore, consider what you should do.' So they turned aside there, and came to the house of the young Levite man; to the house of Micah; and greeted him. The six hundred men armed with their weapons of war, who <i>were</i> of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate. Then the five men who had gone to spy out the land went up. Entering there, they took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image. The priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men <i>who were</i> armed with weapons of war. When these went into Micah's house and took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image,</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Entering there, they took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image</span></b>: This was a strange combination of low morality and strong religious feeling. It was as if someone really wanted to study the Bible - therefore they stole several Bibles.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image</span></b>: During the Los Angeles riots in the 1990's, a reporter came across three looters leaving a store. He asked them what they took, and the first two told him off with profanity. But the third man said, 'I got some gospel music. I love Jesus!'</p>
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<p class="c1">2. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'18-21');">18b-21</a>) The Levite goes with the army from the tribe of Dan.</p>
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<p class="c2">The priest said to them, 'What are you doing?' And they said to him, 'Be quiet, put your hand over your mouth, and come with us; be a father and a priest to us. <i>Is it</i> better for you to be a priest to the household of one man, or that you be a priest to a tribe and a family in Israel?' So the priest's heart was glad; and he took the ephod, the household idols, and the carved image, and took his place among the people. Then they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods in front of them.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Put your hand over your mouth</span></b>: This was a threat. They commanded the Levite to 'shut up' or be attacked.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">So the priest's heart was glad</span></b>: His <b><span class="c3">heart was glad</span></b> because he was filled with mercenary ambition. The Levite did not care about Micah, only for the pay and status that he might get by being the priest for a whole tribe instead of a mere family.</p>
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<p class="c1">3. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'22-24');">22-24</a>) Micah's foolish idolatry comes to nothing.</p>
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<p class="c2">When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men who <i>were</i> in the houses near Micah's house gathered together and overtook the children of Dan. And they called out to the children of Dan. So they turned around and said to Micah, 'What ails you, that you have gathered such a company?' So he said, 'You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and you have gone away. Now what more do I have? How can you say to me, 'What ails you?''</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">You have taken away my gods which I made</span></b>: This is powerful irony. Micah had to rescue his own gods. Obviously, his gods should be able to care for themselves. We wonder if Micah saw the foolishness of this.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. We each either worship a god of our own making or we worship the true God who made us. But the gods we make are always less than we are. Idol worship is just another way of worshipping self.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">Now what more do I have?</span></b> This shows how empty Micah's idolatry was. His false gods didn't bring him any lasting good.</p>
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<p class="c1">4. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'25-26');">25-26</a>) The army of the tribe of Dan refuses to give Micah his god back, so Micah goes home empty handed.</p>
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<p class="c2">And the children of Dan said to him, 'Do not let your voice be heard among us, lest angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household!' Then the children of Dan went their way. And when Micah saw that they <i>were</i> too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">Lest angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life</span></b>: This event and these words illustrate the general lawlessness in Israel during this long period of the Judges. The children of Dan stole Michah's idol simply under the principle of 'might makes right.'</p>
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<p class="c1">5. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'27-29');">27-29</a>) The army from the tribe of Dan conquers the city of Laish and rename it Dan.</p>
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<p class="c2">So they took <i>the things</i> Mic had made, and the priest who had belonged to him, and went to Laish, to a people quiet and secure; and they struck them with the edge of the sword and burned the city with fire. <i>There was</i> no deliverer, because it <i>was</i> far from Sidon, and they had no ties with anyone. It was in the valley that belongs to Beth Rehob. So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there. And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel. However, the name of the city formerly <i>was</i> Laish.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">And they called the name of the city Dan</span></b>: The city of <b><span class="c3">Dan</span></b> will become the most prominent northern city in Israel. The phrase 'from Dan to Beersheba' (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',20,1);">Jdg 20:1</a>; <a onclick="return mV('1Sa',3,20);">1Sa 3:20</a>) will become an expression meaning, 'from the north to the south of Israel' indicating all of Israel.</p>
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<p class="c1">6. (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',18,'30-31');">30-31</a>) The tribe of Dan officially adopts the idolatry that began with Micah.</p>
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<p class="c2">Then the children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image; and Jonathan the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land. So they set up for themselves Micah's carved image which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.</p>
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<p class="c4">a. <b><span class="c3">The children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image</span></b>: This was the beginning of <i>established</i> idolatry in Israel in the Promised Land. There was <i>individual</i> idolatry in Israel long before this, but this is <i>official</i> idolatry.</p>
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<p class="c5">i. Through a strange chain of events, this began with a son stealing 1,100 shekels from his mother (<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',17,'1-2');">Jdg 17:1-2</a>). It ended with an entire tribe of Israel led into established idolatry.</p>
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<p class="c4">b. <b><span class="c3">So they set up for themselves Micah's carved image</span></b>: We can suppose that Micah had no idea how far-reaching the effects of his sin would become. His personal idolatry became the idolatry of an entire tribe, setting up a rival center of worship to <b><span class="c3">the house of God . . . in Shiloh</span></b>.</p>
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