137 lines
16 KiB
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137 lines
16 KiB
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<title>BLB - Text Commentaries</title>
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<title>Blue Letter Bible</title>
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Title = 'Introduction to the Book of Daniel';
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<h2>Introduction to the Book of Daniel</h2>
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<hr width="80%" align="center" color="#000000" size="1">
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<p><b>Why Daniel?</b></p>
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<ol>
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<li>One of my favorites: impact on my early years.<br>Discovery: Message System; tightly engineered in theme, structure, details; interdependence. Thus, 66 books, written by 40 authors over thousands of years, yet evidences integrity of design and demonstrates an origin from outside the domain of time. (See our related Briefing Packages, <i>The E.T. Scenario, Beyond Time and Space</i>, et al.)<br><br></li>
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<li>One of the few books that describes Gentile history, in advance. It is as timely as tomorrow's newspaper.<br><br></li>
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<li>It contains the most amazing passages in the entire Bible.<br><br></li>
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</ol>
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<p><b>When Written?</b></p>
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<p class="cmn">Doesn't really matter. It's in the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament (LXX): 285-270 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> (Latin: <i>septuaginta,</i> “70.”) 72 elders of Israel, 6 from each tribe, during the reign of Ptolemy II, Philadelphus (285-244 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span>) in Alexandria (Letter of Aristeas). Many NT quotes from LXX; including in the Letter to Hebrews. Thus, in widespread use three centuries before Christ was born. The mathematical precision yields undeniable proof of His Deity.</p>
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<p class="cmn"><a onclick="return mV('Act',17,11);">Acts 17:11</a>: Don't believe anything Chuck Missler tells you. Check it out for yourself!</p>
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<p><b>Daniel in the Critics Den</b></p>
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<p class="cmn">No other book is as vindicated by history. Too specific to yield to attempts to discredit it.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Josephus: During Alexander's conquest of Jerusalem, 332 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span>, Priest Jaddua showed him references to himself in Daniel; city spared.</p>
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<p class="cmn">R. Kodewey, 1899-1917: excavations of Nebuchadnezzar's palace, etc. Banquet hall found, 173' x 56'. (Rebuilt by Saddam Hussein.) Daniel had to be an eyewitness. See Chapter 5.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Ultimate authentication: Jesus quotes Daniel 3X; “Daniel the Prophet.”</p>
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<p class="cmn">Other Observations: Quoted 3X in Ezekiel (<a onclick="return mV('Eze',14,14,20);">Ezek 14:14, 20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',28,3);">28:3</a>); classed with Noah, Job, etc. Nothing evil spoken of him. (Only two: Joseph and Daniel: both executives); vs. David, et al.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Foreign words: 15 Persian words; 3 Greek words. Expected from Daniel's position. As a teenager, deported; served at court; survived into Persian Empire.</p>
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<table border="0">
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<tr><td rowspan="8" style="width:10px;"> </td><td colspan="4" style="font-weight:bold;"> Chapters:</td></tr>
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<tr><td rowspan="3" style="width:10px;"> </td><td>2-7:</td><td rowspan="3" style="width:10px;"> </td><td>in Chaldean (Gentile focus).</td></tr>
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<tr><td>4:</td><td>written by a Gentile King!</td></tr>
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<tr><td>8-12:</td><td>focus on Israel.</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="4" style="font-weight:bold;"> Organization:</td>
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<tr><td rowspan="2" style="width:10px;"> </td><td>1-6</td><td rowspan="2" style="width:10px;"> </td><td>Narrative; history.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>7-12</td><td>Visions.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p class="cmn">Raised under King Josiah's revival; good environment; an example.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Sabbath Year concept:
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<a onclick="return mV('Lev',25,'1-');">Lev 25</a>, <a onclick="return mV('Lev',26,'1-');">Lev 26</A>; 490 years: failed; “owed” God 70: <a onclick="return mV('2Ch',36,'21-22');">2 Chr 36:21-22</a>. 70 x 7: Four such periods in Israel's history.</p>
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<h4>The “Seventy Sevens” of Israel</h4>
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<div style="margin-left:20px;">
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<table border="0">
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<tr><td>1)</td><td colspan="6" style="font-weight:bold;">Abraham to the Exodus</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" rowspan="4"> </td><td colspan="2">Promise (
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<a onclick="return mV('Gen',12,4);">Gen 12:4</a>)</td><td style="text-align:right;">75</td><td colspan="2"> years</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">
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<a onclick="return mV('Gal',3,17);">Gal 3:17</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">+ 430</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td style="text-align:right;">505</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">Ishmael, usurper (<a onclick="return mV('Gen',16,16);">Gen 16:16</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Gen',21,5);">21:5</a>)</td><td style="text-align:right;">-15</td><td> = </td><td style="font-weight:bold;">490</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="7"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>2)</td><td colspan="6" style="font-weight:bold;">Exodus to the Temple</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" rowspan="11"> </td><td colspan="2">Begun:
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<a onclick="return mV('1Ki',6,'1-');">1 Kgs 6</a>, <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',7,'1-');">7</a>, <a onclick="return mV('1Ki',8,'1-');">8</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">594</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">Completed:
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<a onclick="return mV('1Ki',6,38);">1 Kgs 6:38</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">+ 7</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td style="text-align:right;">601</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Servitudes:</td><td>Judges</td><td colspan="3"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Mesopotamia</td><td>
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<a onclick="return mV('Jdg',3,8);">3:8</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">8</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Moabites</td><td><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',3,'12-14');">3:12-14</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">18</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Canaanites</td><td><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',4,2,3);">4:2-3</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">20</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Midianites</td><td><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',6,1);">6:1</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">7</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Ammonites</td><td><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',10,7,8);">10:7-8</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">18</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>Philistines</td><td><a onclick="return mV('Jdg',13,1);">13:1</a></td><td style="text-align:right;">40</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td style="text-align:right;">- 111</td><td> = </td><td style="font-weight:bold;">490</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="7"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>3)</td><td colspan="6" style="font-weight:bold;">The Temple to the Edict of Artaxerxes</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" rowspan="4"> </td><td><a onclick="return mV('1Ki',8,'1-66');">1 Kgs 8:1-66</a></td><td>1005 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span></td><td colspan="3"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td><a onclick="return mV('Neh',2,1);">Neh 2:1</a></td><td>445 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span></td><td colspan="3"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td style="text-align:right;">560</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">Babylonian Captivity</td><td tyle="text-align:right;">-70</td><td> = </td><td style="font-weight:bold;">490</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="7"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>4)</td><td colspan="6" style="font-weight:bold;">Artaxerxes to the Second Coming</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" rowspan="4"> </td><td colspan="5">Artaxerxes to the 1st Advent</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">“The Sixty Nine Weeks” (69 x 7) = </td><td style="text-align:right;">483</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">[Church parenthesis]</td><td style="text-align:right;">?</td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2">The “Seventieth Week”</td><td style="text-align:right;">+ 7</td><td> = </td><td style="font-weight:bold;">490</td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td colspan="5"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td colspan="6"><a onclick="return mV('Isa',39,'5-7');">Isa 39:5-7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,'8-12');">Jer 25:8-12</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',27,'6-8');">27:6-8</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',29,10);">29:10</a>.</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h5>1st Siege of Nebuchadnezzar:</h5>
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<p class="cmn">Battle of Carchemesh: 606 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span>; Nebuchadnezzar vs Pharaoh Necco W bank of Euphrates; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',46,'1-6');">Jer 46:1-6</a>. Jehoikim fettered (<a onclick="return mV('2Ch',36,'5-8');">2 Chr 36:5-8</a>). Jehoikim released as a vassal; Temple plundered (for museum); hostages (Daniel et al.) taken. (Daniel of Royal line? <a onclick="return mV('Dan',1,4);">Dan 1:4</a>). Begins “Servitude of the Nation”; 70 years <i>to the day.</i></p>
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<h5>2nd Seige of Nebuchadnezzar</h5>
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<p class="cmn">Jehoikim ignores Jeremiah's counsel, rebels. 5 year battle; Jehoikim dies; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',22,'17-19');">Jer 22:17-19</a>. Jehiachin (“Jeconiah”) son reigns until siege over. <a onclick="return mV('Jer',22,'24-30');">Jer 22:24-30</a>. (Blood curse avoided by Christ's virgin birth. See <i>Footprints of the Messiah.</i>) His son captured; 10,000 captives; 1000 skilled artisans; etc. <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',24,'1-4');">2 Kgs 24:1-4</a>. His uncle, Zedekiah, installed as vassal. Jeremiah and Ezekiel prophesy; but false prophets again prevail. Ego trip leads to:</p>
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<h5>3rd Siege of Nebuchadnezzar</h5>
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<p class="cmn">“Desolations of Jerusalem” 587 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span>; (also 70 years; but not coterminous with “Servitude.”) Contradictory prophecies: <a onclick="return mV('Jer',32,5);">Jer 32:5</a>, <a onclick="return mV('Jer',32,39);">39:7</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Eze',12,13);">Ezek 12:13</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,6,7);">2 Kgs 25:6-7</a>. <20>God does not deal in approximations. City and Temple <i>destroyed</i> <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',24,'17-20');">2 Kgs 24:17-20</a>; <a onclick="return mV('2Ki',25,'1-21');">25:1-21</a>.</p>
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<h4>A Provocative Conjecture</h4>
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<p class="cmn">
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<a onclick="return mV('Eze',4,'1-8');">Ezekiel 4:1-8</a>: 430 years of judgment predicted. 430 - 70 years captivity = 360 unaccounted for? <a onclick="return mV('Lev',26,18, 21,24,28);">Leviticus 26:18, 21, 24, 28</a>: Multiply by seven? 360 x 7 = 2520 years. 360 day years: <a onclick="return mV('Gen',7,24);">Genesis 7:24</a>, <a onclick="return mV('Gen',8,3,4);">8:3-4</a>, etc.; 42 months; 3 1/2 years; 1260 days; being equivalent in Revelation, etc.</p>
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<p class="cmn">2520 years<sub>360</sub> = 907,200 days. 2483 years<sub>365</sub> = 906,295 days, + ?</p>
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<h5>What about leap years?</h5>
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<p class="cmn">The Julian year is 11 minutes 10.46 seconds longer than the mean solar year. Therefore the Julian calendar contains 3 leap years too many every 4 centuries. An error of 11 days occurred as of 1752 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>a.d.</span> and was corrected by the Gregorian reform, which declared September 3 to be September 14, 1752,and reckoning 1700,1800,and 1900 as common years and 2000 as a leap year. Dividing 2483 by 4 = 621, with 18 too many (3 excess every 4 centuries); 11 have already been corrected for by the Gregorian reform: 18 - 11 = 7; 621 - 7 = 614.</p>
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<div style="margin-left:20px;">
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<table border="0">
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<tr><td colspan="4">2483 years<sub>365</sub> = 906,295 days</td></tr>
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<tr><td rowspan="4"> </td><td>plus, for leap years</td><td rowspan="4"> </td><td style="text-align:right;">614 days</td></tr>
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<tr><td>9 months</td><td style="text-align:right;">270 days</td></tr>
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<tr><td>21 days</td><td style="text-align:right;">21 days</td></tr>
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<tr><td>2520 years<sub>360</sub></td><td style="text-align:right;">907,200 days</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p class="cmn">Don't confuse the “Servitude of the Nation” with the “Desolations of Jerusalem.” The “Desolations of Jerusalem” was punishment for not yielding to the “servitude”:
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<a onclick="return mV('Jer',27,6,7,11);">Jeremiah 27:6, 8, 11</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Jer',38,'17-21');">38:17-21</a>. Cf. <a onclick="return mV('Jer',29,10);">Jeremiah 29:10</a>; <a onclick="return mV('Dan',9,2);">Daniel 9:2</a>.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Both the “Servitude of the Nation” and the “Desolations of Jerusalem” were predicted to last 70 years, but these were also 360-day years: 70 years<sub>360</sub> = 25,200 days = 69 years<sub>365</sub> less 2 days.</p>
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<h5>Servitude of the Nation</h5><div style="margin-left:20px;"><table border="0">
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<tr><td colspan="5">606 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> + 69 years = 537 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="5">If July 23, 537 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> was the release from the</td></tr>
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<tr><td><i>Servitude of the Nation,</i> then </td><td>- 537<sup>y</sup></td><td>7<sup>m</sup></td><td>23<sup>d</sup></td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td>(no “year 0”):</td><td>1</td><td colspan="3"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td>2483<sup>y</sup></td><td>9<sup>m</sup></td><td>21<sup>d</sup></td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td>1948</td><td>5</td><td>14</td><td> </td></tr>
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</table></div>
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<p class="cmn">which is <b>May 14, 1948</b>. It was on this date that David Ben Gurion declared on international radio, and using Ezekiel as his authority, the re-establishment of <b>Israel</b> as the new Jewish homeland.</p>
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<h5>Desolations of Jerusalem</h5>
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<div style="margin-left:20px;"><table border="0">
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<tr><td colspan="5">587 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> + 69 years = 518 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="5">If August 16, 518 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> was the completion of the</td></tr>
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<tr><td><i>Desolations of Jerusalem,</i>then</td><td>-518<sup>y</sup></td><td>8<sup>m</sup></td><td>16<sup>d</sup></td></tr>
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<tr><td>(no “year 0” 1 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>b.c.</span> to 1 <span style='font-variant:small-caps'>a.d.</span>)</td><td>1</td><td colspan="3"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td>2483<sup>y</sup></td><td>9<sup>m</sup></td><td>21<sup>d</sup></td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td>1967</td><td>6</td><td>7</td></tr>
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</table></div>
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<p class="cmn">which is<b> June 7,1967,</b>when, as a result of the “Six Day War,” Israel regained control of the Old City of Jerusalem for the first time since the time of Christ.</p>
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<p class="cmn">Nebuchadnezzar began the period known as the “times of the Gentiles.” Cf. <a onclick="return mV('Luk',21,24);">Luke 21:24</a>. <a onclick="return mV('Jer',25,9);">Jer 25:9</a>; Nebuchadnezzar is “my servant”! <a onclick="return mV('Dan',2,21);">Dan 2:21</a>. No king from the line of David has ruled over Israel since the Babylonian captivity.</p>
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