The Bible gives a number of illustrations about what God specifically knows. Scripture says the following about God's knowledge of the universe.
1. He Knows Everything Under the Heavens
God knows everything under the heavens.
For he looks to the ends of the earth, and sees everything under the heavens (Job 28:24).
2. He Knows Every Star by Name
The Bible says that God knows how many stars there are in the universe and the name of every star.
He counts the number of the stars; he calls them all by name (Psa 147:4).
3. God Knows All the Creatures
God has knowledge of every creature in the universe.
And before him no creature is hidden, but all are naked and laid bare to the eyes of the one to whom we must render an account (Hbr 4:13).
4. He Knows the Smallest Details
Jesus taught that God knows even the smallest of details:
Are not two sparrows sold for a copper coin? And not one of them falls to the ground apart from your Father's will (Mat 10:29).
5. God Knows Everything about Human Beings
God knows the physical universe and He also has intimate knowledge of every human beings.
But the very hairs of your head are all numbered (Mat 10:30).
6. He Knows Our Every Thought
The Bible says that God knows our every thought.
The LORD knows our thoughts, that they are but an empty breath (Psa 94:11).
7. He Knew Us Before We Were Born
Even before we were born, God knew us
Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, before you were born I set you apart; I appointed you as a prophet to the nations (Jer 1:5).
Summary
The Scripture not only tells us that God knows everything, it lets us know many of the specific things that He knows. The Bible says that God knows everything under the heavens. He knows every star by name and all of the creatures in the universe. God knows every thing that is occurring down to the smallest detail. He fully knows human beings—including the number of hairs on our head. He knows our very thoughts. In fact, he knew all about us before we were born.
One writer put it this way.
Though limitless the universe, and gloriously grand,
He knows the eternal story of every grain of sand.